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== Prophecy of WWII and Death ==

== Prophecy of WWII and Death ==

After writing his final complete work in 1883, ''The Antichrist, Curse on Christianity''<ref name=stanford>Wicks, Robert (2011, April 29). "[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/nietzsche/ Friedrich Nietzsche]." ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy''.</ref>, Nietzsche would go insane in 1889, exactly 50 years before the start of World War II<ref>Burns, K. & Novick, L. (2007, September). "[http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_timeline_1939.htm The War]." Florentine Films and WETA-TV. ''PBS''.</ref>, during which he would prophetically predict a coming Hitlerian society and Nazi Germany. As H.L. Mencken puts it, "''Save for his raucous, rhapsodical autobiography, 'Ecce Homo,' 'The Antichrist' is the last thing that Nietzsche ever wrote, and so it may be accepted as a statement of some of his most salient ideas in their final form.''"<ref>Nietzsche, F.W. (1920). "[http://books.google.com/books?id=0ao8AAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover The Antichrist]." ''Library of the University of Virginia''.</ref>

After writing his final complete work in 1883, ''The Antichrist, Curse on Christianity'',<ref name=stanford>Wicks, Robert (2011, April 29). "[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/nietzsche/ Friedrich Nietzsche]." ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy''.</ref> Nietzsche would go insane in 1889, exactly 50 years before the start of World War II,<ref>Burns, K. & Novick, L. (2007, September). "[http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_timeline_1939.htm The War]." Florentine Films and WETA-TV. ''PBS''.</ref> during which he would prophetically predict a coming Hitlerian society and Nazi Germany. As H.L. Mencken puts it, "''Save for his raucous, rhapsodical autobiography, 'Ecce Homo,' 'The Antichrist' is the last thing that Nietzsche ever wrote, and so it may be accepted as a statement of some of his most salient ideas in their final form.''"<ref>Nietzsche, F.W. (1920). "[http://books.google.com/books?id=0ao8AAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover The Antichrist]." ''Library of the University of Virginia''.</ref>

Nietzsche, early in January 1889, saw a coachman flogging a horse, and rushed towards it. Throwing his arms around the horse, Nietzsche collapsed in unconsciousness, and was carried home. In a fit of insanity, he mailed several letters before dying on August 25, 1900, from pneumonia.<ref>Kaufman, Walter (1954). "The Portable Nietzsche." p. 684. ''Penguin Books''.</ref> These letters included the following: {{cquote|"To my maestro Pietro. Sing me a new-song: the world is transfigured and all the heavens are full of joy. -The Crucified"

Nietzsche, early in January 1889, saw a coachman flogging a horse, and rushed towards it. Throwing his arms around the horse, Nietzsche collapsed in unconsciousness, and was carried home. In a fit of insanity, he mailed several letters before dying on August 25, 1900, from pneumonia.<ref>Kaufman, Walter (1954). "The Portable Nietzsche." p. 684. ''Penguin Books''.</ref> These letters included the following: {{cquote|"To my maestro Pietro. Sing me a new-song: the world is transfigured and all the heavens are full of joy. -The Crucified"

{{cquote|Trying to explain what caused his insanity can only be a matter of speculation. Some people believe it was the result of a physical illness. Others interpret his suffering as that of a true prophet, almost as if he were accepting the punishment on behalf of those who could not see mankind's tendency towards self-destruction so clearly. Still others regard his final fate as a natural outcome of his philosophical outlook.<ref name="hkbu">http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/~ppp/top/top19</ref>}}

{{cquote|Trying to explain what caused his insanity can only be a matter of speculation. Some people believe it was the result of a physical illness. Others interpret his suffering as that of a true prophet, almost as if he were accepting the punishment on behalf of those who could not see mankind's tendency towards self-destruction so clearly. Still others regard his final fate as a natural outcome of his philosophical outlook.<ref name="hkbu">http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/~ppp/top/top19</ref>}}

Sigmund Feud and Carl Jung related that Nietzsche had contracted syphilis, which he died from, during a visit to a homosexual brothel in Genoa, Italy.<ref>The Pink Swastika: Homosexuality in the Nazi Party, Scott Lively & Kevin Abrams, 4th Edition, page 133.</ref> <ref>Forgotten Fatherland: The Search for Elisabeth Nietzsche, Ben Macintyre, 1992.</ref>

Sigmund Feud and Carl Jung related that Nietzsche had contracted syphilis, which he died from, during a visit to a homosexual brothel in Genoa, Italy.<ref>The Pink Swastika: Homosexuality in the Nazi Party, Scott Lively & Kevin Abrams, 4th Edition, page 133.</ref><ref>Forgotten Fatherland: The Search for Elisabeth Nietzsche, Ben Macintyre, 1992.</ref>

The Russian-born psychoanalyst and writer Lou Andreas-Salomé, who had a brief and tempestuous affair with Nietzsche, believed that Nietzsche's philosophy can be viewed as a reflection of his psychology and that his madness was the result of his philosophizing.<ref>http://www.amazon.com/Nietzsche-Lou-Salome/dp/0252070356</ref>  In addition, the French historian René Girard asserted that Nietzsche's philosophy led to his insanity.<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=x4qDrNKVC5gC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=Ren%C3%A9+Girard+nietzsche+and+madness&source=bl&ots=DQFLJpqjJd&sig=mXNq_6J6_qTciP2vW-FHojwBn20&hl=en&ei=hv99Sp0Y2YG2B8Ogsf4B&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false</ref>

The Russian-born psychoanalyst and writer Lou Andreas-Salomé, who had a brief and tempestuous affair with Nietzsche, believed that Nietzsche's philosophy can be viewed as a reflection of his psychology and that his madness was the result of his philosophizing.<ref>http://www.amazon.com/Nietzsche-Lou-Salome/dp/0252070356</ref>  In addition, the French historian René Girard asserted that Nietzsche's philosophy led to his insanity.<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=x4qDrNKVC5gC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=Ren%C3%A9+Girard+nietzsche+and+madness&source=bl&ots=DQFLJpqjJd&sig=mXNq_6J6_qTciP2vW-FHojwBn20&hl=en&ei=hv99Sp0Y2YG2B8Ogsf4B&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false</ref>

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'-it follows that, in the great dice game of existence, it must pass through a calculable number of combinations. In infinite time, every possible combination would at some time or another be realized; more: it would be realized an infinite number of times. And since between every combination and its next recurrence all other possible combinations would have to take place, and each of these combinations conditions the entire sequence of combinations in the same series, a circular movement of absolutely identical series is thus demonstrated: the world as a circular movement that has already repeated itself infinitely often and plays its game ad infinitum.'

'-it follows that, in the great dice game of existence, it must pass through a calculable number of combinations. In infinite time, every possible combination would at some time or another be realized; more: it would be realized an infinite number of times. And since between every combination and its next recurrence all other possible combinations would have to take place, and each of these combinations conditions the entire sequence of combinations in the same series, a circular movement of absolutely identical series is thus demonstrated: the world as a circular movement that has already repeated itself infinitely often and plays its game ad infinitum.'

-The Will to Power <ref> http://myweb.lmu.edu/tshanahan/Nietzsche-Eternal_Recurrence.html </ref>

-The Will to Power <ref>http://myweb.lmu.edu/tshanahan/Nietzsche-Eternal_Recurrence.html</ref>

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'The greatest weight.-- What, if some day or night a demon were to steal after you into your loneliest loneliness and say to you: "This life as you now live it and have lived it, you will have to live once more and innumerable times more; and there will be nothing new in it, but every pain and every joy and every thought and sigh and everything unutterably small or great in your life will have to return to you, all in the same succession and sequence - even this spider and this moonlight between the trees, and even this moment and I myself. The eternal hourglass of existence is turned upside down again and again, and you with it, speck of dust!"

'The greatest weight.-- What, if some day or night a demon were to steal after you into your loneliest loneliness and say to you: "This life as you now live it and have lived it, you will have to live once more and innumerable times more; and there will be nothing new in it, but every pain and every joy and every thought and sigh and everything unutterably small or great in your life will have to return to you, all in the same succession and sequence - even this spider and this moonlight between the trees, and even this moment and I myself. The eternal hourglass of existence is turned upside down again and again, and you with it, speck of dust!"

Would you not throw yourself down and gnash your teeth and curse the demon who spoke thus?... Or how well disposed would you have to become to yourself and to life to crave nothing more fervently than this ultimate eternal confirmation and seal?'

Would you not throw yourself down and gnash your teeth and curse the demon who spoke thus?... Or how well disposed would you have to become to yourself and to life to crave nothing more fervently than this ultimate eternal confirmation and seal?'

-The Gay Science <ref> http://www.theperspectivesofnietzsche.com/nietzsche/nrecur.html </ref>

-The Gay Science <ref>http://www.theperspectivesofnietzsche.com/nietzsche/nrecur.html</ref>

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"To endure the idea of the recurrence one needs: freedom from morality; new means against the fact of pain (pain conceived as a tool, as the father of pleasure; there is no cumulative consciousness of displeasure); the enjoyment of all kinds of uncertainty, experimentalism, as a counterweight to this extreme fatalism; abolition of the concept of necessity; abolition of the 'will'; abolition of 'knowledge-in-itself.'"

"To endure the idea of the recurrence one needs: freedom from morality; new means against the fact of pain (pain conceived as a tool, as the father of pleasure; there is no cumulative consciousness of displeasure); the enjoyment of all kinds of uncertainty, experimentalism, as a counterweight to this extreme fatalism; abolition of the concept of necessity; abolition of the 'will'; abolition of 'knowledge-in-itself.'"

-The Will to Power <ref> http://www.theperspectivesofnietzsche.com/nietzsche/nrecur.html </ref>

-The Will to Power <ref>http://www.theperspectivesofnietzsche.com/nietzsche/nrecur.html</ref>

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===  Pessimism ===

===  Pessimism ===

== Influence on Freud ==

== Influence on Freud ==

Nietzsche wrote his books from one to three decades before [[Sigmund Freud]] wrote his, and published his first book the same year that Mietzsche died (1900).  Although Sigmund Freud said that he had never read Nietzsche's works, this statement is contradicted by Freud paraphrasing and quoting Nietzsche in private conversations and in his own personal journals.  The similarities are: the concept of the unconscious mind, the idea that the individual becomes more comfortable and effective when he pushes unacceptable thoughts and memories into his unconscious mind, the idea that repressed emotions and instincts are expressed in disguise, dreams are symbolic and a cathartic process which has health benefits,the suggestion that hostile, unconscious feelings are projected on others, who are then seen as the perpetrators, is the basis of paranoid thinking, the acknowledgment of a repetition compulsion (for Nietzsche, eternal reoccurrence) <ref> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7728371 </ref> <ref> http://www.psychologytoday.com/files/attachments/58144/the-birth-psychoanalysis.pdf </ref>

Nietzsche wrote his books from one to three decades before [[Sigmund Freud]] wrote his, and published his first book the same year that Mietzsche died (1900).  Although Sigmund Freud said that he had never read Nietzsche's works, this statement is contradicted by Freud paraphrasing and quoting Nietzsche in private conversations and in his own personal journals.  The similarities are: the concept of the unconscious mind, the idea that the individual becomes more comfortable and effective when he pushes unacceptable thoughts and memories into his unconscious mind, the idea that repressed emotions and instincts are expressed in disguise, dreams are symbolic and a cathartic process which has health benefits,the suggestion that hostile, unconscious feelings are projected on others, who are then seen as the perpetrators, is the basis of paranoid thinking, the acknowledgment of a repetition compulsion (for Nietzsche, eternal reoccurrence) <ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7728371</ref><ref>http://www.psychologytoday.com/files/attachments/58144/the-birth-psychoanalysis.pdf</ref>

== Bibliography==

== Bibliography==

In addition to writing books, Nietzsche wrote some music, most of them short pieces.

In addition to writing books, Nietzsche wrote some music, most of them short pieces.

==See Also==

==See also==

*[[Nihilism]]

*[[Nihilism]]

*[[Darwin and Nietzsche]]

*[[Darwin and Nietzsche]]