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Sir '''Raymond Unwin''' (1863-1940) was a [[British]] [[architect]] and planner, who, with [[Ebenezer Howard]], was responsible for popularising [[Garden City]] developments worldwide and who helped shape the built environment of the [[United Kingdom]] for much of the twentieth century.

Sir '''Raymond Unwin''' (1863-1940) was a [[British]] [[architect]] and planner, who, with [[Ebenezer Howard]], was responsible for popularising [[Garden City]] developments worldwide and who helped shape the built environment of the [[United Kingdom]] for much of the twentieth century.

==Early Life==

==Early life==

Born in [[Rotherham]], [[South Yorkshire]], Unwin became an engineer for the Staveley Iron and Coal Company in [[Derbyshire]], where he was responsible, among other things, for constructing miners' housing. Inclined towards [[Christian Socialism]], he came under the influence of [[John Ruskin]] and [[William Morris]], and also the early utopian [[socialist]] Edward Carpenter, visiting him the utopian community Carpenter had founded near [[Sheffield]]. In 1893 his marriage brought him into close contact with [[Barry Parker]] - the two men married sisters - and they set up an architectural practice together. Their 1901 book, The Art of Building a Home, gained them the attention of the [[Arts and Crafts Movement]]. The following year, Unwin and Parker were commissioned to design a model village at New Earswick, near [[York]], for the [[Quaker]] Rowntree family, philanthropic chocolate manufacturers in the city. This created a stir, not only for the quality of the workers' housing provided, but for the innovative layout of the estate, with curved streets, much tree-planting, and a low density of development.

Born in [[Rotherham]], [[South Yorkshire]], Unwin became an engineer for the Staveley Iron and Coal Company in [[Derbyshire]], where he was responsible, among other things, for constructing miners' housing. Inclined towards [[Christian Socialism]], he came under the influence of [[John Ruskin]] and [[William Morris]], and also the early utopian [[socialist]] Edward Carpenter, visiting him the utopian community Carpenter had founded near [[Sheffield]]. In 1893 his marriage brought him into close contact with [[Barry Parker]] - the two men married sisters - and they set up an architectural practice together. Their 1901 book, The Art of Building a Home, gained them the attention of the [[Arts and Crafts Movement]]. The following year, Unwin and Parker were commissioned to design a model village at New Earswick, near [[York]], for the [[Quaker]] Rowntree family, philanthropic chocolate manufacturers in the city. This created a stir, not only for the quality of the workers' housing provided, but for the innovative layout of the estate, with curved streets, much tree-planting, and a low density of development.