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'''Alfred Renton Bridges''' was an Australian citizen, a San Francisco labor leader, a secret member of the Central Committee of the [[Communist Party]],<ref>Harvey Klehr, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=8TXhy5pl2A0C The Communist Experience in America: A Political and Social History]'' (Transaction Publishers, 2009) ISBN 1412810566, p. 120</ref> and a clandestine Soviet operative.  

'''Alfred Renton Bridges''' was an Australian citizen, a San Francisco labor leader, a secret member of the Central Committee of the [[Communist Party]],<ref>Harvey Klehr, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=8TXhy5pl2A0C The Communist Experience in America: A Political and Social History]'' (Transaction Publishers, 2009) ISBN 1412810566, p. 120</ref> and a clandestine Soviet operative.  

Bridges was born in 1901 in Melbourne, Australia and settled in [[San Francisco]] in 1920 where he became an organizer of the longshoremen. In 1921 he joined the [[anarchist]] Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).  Between 1938 and 1956 the [[United States Government]] tried to [[deport]] Bridges. In four differnet federal hearings Bridges denied his [[CPUSA]] membership under oath.

Bridges was born in 1901 in Melbourne, Australia and settled in [[San Francisco]] in 1920 where he became an organizer of the longshoremen. In 1921 he joined the [[anarchist]] Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).  Between 1938 and 1956 the [[United States Government]] tried to [[deport]] Bridges. In four different federal hearings Bridges denied his [[CPUSA]] membership under oath.

==ILWU==  

==ILWU==