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'''Joseph Chamberlain''' (1836-1914) was a [[British]] [[Liberal]] (later [[Liberal Unionist]]) politicial and statesman. Rich through his involvement with a [[Birmingham]] screw manufacturers, he served as Mayor of Birmingham 1873-1876 and is associated with the development of city-run services known at the time as 'municipal socialism'. Elected to [[Parliament]] in 1876, he was associated with the radical wing of the [[Liberal Party]]; in 1880 he joined the [[Cabinet]] as President of the Board of Trade. Disagreeing with [[Gladstone]]'s [[Home Rule]] proposals, he became leader of the Liberal Unionists in 1891 and in 1895 joined a [[coalition]] government with the [[Conservative Party]] as Secretary of State for the Colonies. In this role he played a significant part in fomenting the [[Boer War]] of 1899-1902. He resigned office in 1903 in order to be able to campaign for tariff reform: Chamberlain believed in Imperial Preference, protected trading within the [[British Empire]]. Ill health forced him to retire from public life in 1906.

'''Joseph Chamberlain''' (1836-1914) was a [[British]] [[Liberal]] (later [[Liberal Unionist]]) political and statesman. Rich through his involvement with a [[Birmingham]] screw manufacturers, he served as Mayor of Birmingham 1873-1876 and is associated with the development of city-run services known at the time as 'municipal socialism'. Elected to [[Parliament]] in 1876, he was associated with the radical wing of the [[Liberal Party]]; in 1880 he joined the [[Cabinet]] as President of the Board of Trade. Disagreeing with [[Gladstone]]'s [[Home Rule]] proposals, he became leader of the Liberal Unionists in 1891 and in 1895 joined a [[coalition]] government with the [[Conservative Party]] as Secretary of State for the Colonies. In this role he played a significant part in fomenting the [[Boer War]] of 1899-1902. He resigned office in 1903 in order to be able to campaign for tariff reform: Chamberlain believed in Imperial Preference, protected trading within the [[British Empire]]. Ill health forced him to retire from public life in 1906.

Chamberlain was one of the best-known and most divisive figures of his age, universally referred to as 'Joe', his aquiline features a gift for cartoonists. He was known also for his dapper turn-out, always wearing in his buttonhole an [[orchid]] grown in the hothouses of his Birmingham hoome, Highbury.

Chamberlain was one of the best-known and most divisive figures of his age, universally referred to as 'Joe', his aquiline features a gift for cartoonists. He was known also for his dapper turn-out, always wearing in his buttonhole an [[orchid]] grown in the hothouses of his Birmingham hoome, Highbury.

His oldest son, Austen Chamberlain (1863-1937) occupied several cabinet posts and was leader of the Conservative Party in the course of a long political career. Another son was [[Neville Chamberlain]] (1869-1940, British [[Prime Minister]] 1937-1940.

His oldest son, Austen Chamberlain (1863-1937) occupied several cabinet posts and was leader of the Conservative Party in the course of a long political career. Another son was [[Neville Chamberlain]] (1869-1940), British [[Prime Minister]] 1937-1940.

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[[Category:Politicians]]

[[Category:Politicians]]