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Cato is probably most famous as a staunch opponent of [[Julius Caesar]], who he believed would overthrow the Republic and set himself up as a [[tyrant]].  Long an enemy of Caesar, Cato joined [[Pompey the Great]]'s forces in the civil war; and after Pompey's defeat and death in 48 BC, Cato led a remnant of the Pompeians to North Africa. His forces were decisively defeated at [[Battle of Thapsus]], and Cato, retreating to nearby Utica, committed suicide rather than fall into Caesar's hands.<ref>He is sometimes called "Cato of Utica"</ref>  

Cato is probably most famous as a staunch opponent of [[Julius Caesar]], who he believed would overthrow the Republic and set himself up as a [[tyrant]].  Long an enemy of Caesar, Cato joined [[Pompey the Great]]'s forces in the civil war; and after Pompey's defeat and death in 48 BC, Cato led a remnant of the Pompeians to North Africa. His forces were decisively defeated at [[Battle of Thapsus]], and Cato, retreating to nearby Utica, committed suicide rather than fall into Caesar's hands.<ref>He is sometimes called "Cato of Utica"</ref>  

==Image and memory==

==Image and memory==

Caesar complained that he had been denied the opportunity to pardon Cato. Cicero wrote an essay which made Cato a symbol of the lost republican cause. 18 centuries after his death Cato became a hero of [[Enlightenment]] political theorists in Europe and the American colonies. He became the model of civic virtue for [[David Hume]] and many of the American [[Founding Fathers]], along with [[Brutus]], [[Cassius]] and [[Cicero]].  Thus George Washington admired Cato so greatly that he had [[Joseph Addison]]'s 1712 play about Cato performed in Valley Forge to boost the troops' morale.  Cato's speeches (as reported in the 1713 play by [[Joseph Addison]] were echoed by [[Patrick Henry]], ''Give me liberty or give me death!,"'' by the cry of [[Nathan Hale]] before his execution as an American spy, ''"I regret I have but one life to lose for my country,"''  

Caesar complained that he had been denied the opportunity to pardon Cato. Cicero wrote an essay which made Cato a symbol of the lost republican cause. 18 centuries after his death Cato became a hero of [[Enlightenment]] political theorists in Europe and the American colonies. He became the model of civic virtue for [[David Hume]] and many of the American [[Founding Fathers]], along with [[Brutus]], [[Cassius]] and [[Cicero]].  Thus George Washington admired Cato so greatly that he had [[Joseph Addison]]'s 1712 play about Cato performed in Valley Forge to boost the troops' morale.  Cato's speeches (as reported in the 1713 play by [[Joseph Addison]]) were echoed by [[Patrick Henry]], ''Give me liberty or give me death!,"'' by the cry of [[Nathan Hale]] before his execution as an American spy, ''"I regret I have but one life to lose for my country,"''  

Cato inspired English political journalists [[John Trenchard]] and [[Thomas Gordon]] to publish anonymously ''[[Cato's Letters]]'' (1720–23). These were 144 short essays that expounded on republicanism and which greatly influenced the American Founding Fathers.<ref>See Ronald Hamowy, "Cato's Letters" in Hamowy, ed. ''Encyclopedia of Libertarianism'' (2008) p. 54-55 [http://books.google.com/books?id=yxNgXs3TkJYC&pg=PA54&dq=republicanism+%22cato+the+younger%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=b&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=2005&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=2009&num=30&as_brr=0#v=onepage&q=republicanism%20%22cato%20the%20younger%22&f=false online]</ref>

Cato inspired English political journalists [[John Trenchard]] and [[Thomas Gordon]] to publish anonymously ''[[Cato's Letters]]'' (1720–23). These were 144 short essays that expounded on republicanism and which greatly influenced the American Founding Fathers.<ref>See Ronald Hamowy, "Cato's Letters" in Hamowy, ed. ''Encyclopedia of Libertarianism'' (2008) p. 54-55 [http://books.google.com/books?id=yxNgXs3TkJYC&pg=PA54&dq=republicanism+%22cato+the+younger%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=b&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=2005&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=2009&num=30&as_brr=0#v=onepage&q=republicanism%20%22cato%20the%20younger%22&f=false online]</ref>