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'''Frederick Jackson Turner''' (1861 – 1932) was one of the two most influential American historians of the early 20th century.<ref>The other is [[Charles A. Beard]]</ref>  Turner is best known for his 1893 [[Frontier Thesis]] (also called the '''Turner Thesis'''), as well as his his theories of geographical sectionalism, his many PhD students, and his leadership of the history profession. The Turner thesis asserts that the American frontier helped create a solid American identity and gave birth to many of the democratic traditions that created the American political system as we know of it today. The frontier which moved ever westwards created a rugged breed of American who were united in the common love for and freedom.  

'''Frederick Jackson Turner''' (1861 – 1932) was one of the two most influential American historians of the early 20th century.<ref>The other is [[Charles A. Beard]]</ref>  Turner is best known for his 1893 [[Frontier Thesis]] (also called the '''Turner Thesis'''), as well as his his theories of geographical sectionalism, his many PhD students, and his leadership of the history profession. The Turner thesis asserts that the American frontier helped create a solid American identity and gave birth to many of the democratic traditions that created the American political system as we know of it today. The frontier which moved ever westwards created a rugged breed of American who were united in the common love for and freedom.  

In recent years western history has seen pitched battles among "Turnerians," "antiTurnerians," "neoTurnerians," and "postTurnerians," with the only point of agreement being his enormous impact on historical scholarship and the American mind.

In recent years western history has seen pitched battles among "Turnerians," "antiTurnerians," "neoTurnerians," and "postTurnerians," with the only point of agreement being his enormous impact on historical scholarship and the American mind.

==Career==

==Career==

Born in [[Portage, Wisconsin]] into a middle class [[Yankee]] family, Turner graduated from the [[University of Wisconsin-Madison]] in 1884, where he studied history with William F. Allen, a brilliant intellectual who rarely published.  Turner earned his Ph.D. in history from [[Johns Hopkins University]] in 1890 with a thesis on the Wisconsin fur trade directed by Herbert Baxter Adams. He became a professor at the University of Wisconsin, which was being transformed from a small college to a major international university.  Turner became one of the most influential scholars there, taking a prominent role in the intellectual life of the state, which itself was a pace-setter in the [[Progressive Era]]. Although he published little, he did more research than almost anyone and had an encyclopedic knowledge of American history, earning a reputation by 1910 as one of the two or three most influential historians in the country. Turner proved adept at promoting his ideas and his students, who he systematically placed in leading universities. He circulated copies of his essays and lectures to important scholars and literary figures; he published extensively in highbrow magazines; he recycled favorite material, attaining the largest possible audience for key concepts; and he wielded considerable influence within the [[American Historical Association]] as an officer and advisor for the ''American Historical Review''. By 1930 a majority of leading American universities offered courses on the History of the West patterned after Turner's models.

Born in [[Portage, Wisconsin]] into a middle class [[Yankee]] family, Turner graduated from the [[University of Wisconsin-Madison]] in 1884, where he studied history with William F. Allen, a brilliant intellectual who rarely published.  Turner earned his Ph.D. in history from [[Johns Hopkins University]] in 1890 with a thesis on the Wisconsin fur trade directed by Herbert Baxter Adams. He became a professor at the University of Wisconsin, which was being transformed from a small college to a major international university.  Turner became one of the most influential scholars there, taking a prominent role in the intellectual life of the state, which itself was a pace-setter in the [[Progressive Era]]. Although he published little, he did more research than almost anyone and had an encyclopedic knowledge of American history, earning a reputation by 1910 as one of the two or three most influential historians in the country. Turner proved adept at promoting his ideas and his students, who he systematically placed in leading universities. He circulated copies of his essays and lectures to important scholars and literary figures; he published extensively in highbrow magazines; he recycled favorite material, attaining the largest possible audience for key concepts; and he wielded considerable influence within the [[American Historical Association]] as an officer and advisor for the ''American Historical Review''. By 1930 a majority of leading American universities offered courses on the History of the West patterned after Turner's models.

*Turner, Frederick Jackson.  "Social Forces in American History," presidential address before the American Historical Association ''American Historical Review,'' 16: 217-33 [http://www.historians.org/info/AHA_History/fjturner.htm online edition]

*Turner, Frederick Jackson.  "Social Forces in American History," presidential address before the American Historical Association ''American Historical Review,'' 16: 217-33 [http://www.historians.org/info/AHA_History/fjturner.htm online edition]

*Turner, Frederick Jackson. ''The Frontier in American History.'' 375 pp. (1920), Pulitzer prize [http://xroads.virginia.edu/~Hyper/TURNER/ online edition]

*Turner, Frederick Jackson. ''The Frontier in American History.'' 375 pp. (1920), Pulitzer prize [http://xroads.virginia.edu/~Hyper/TURNER/ online edition]

==Bibliography==

==Bibliography==

==Works About Turner==

==Works About Turner==