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[[Image:Kamal.jpg|right|240px]]

[[Image:Kamal.jpg|right|240px]]

'''Mustafa Kemal Atatürk''' or '''Kamâl Atatürk''' (May 19, 1881 – November 10, 1938) was a Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, the founder of the Republic of [[Turkey]] and its first president. He was a successful division commander in the [[Battle of Gallipoli]].  When the [[Allies]] defeated the [[Ottoman Empire]] and arranged for its partition, he led a rebellion in the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. From Sep 9, 1923 to Nov 10, 1938, he was also leader of the Republican People's Party.  

'''Mustafa Kemal Atatürk''' (also known as '''Kemal Pasha''' or '''Kamâl Atatürk'''; May 19, 1881 – November 10, 1938) was a Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, the founder of the Republic of [[Turkey]] and its first president. He was a successful division commander in the [[Battle of Gallipoli]].  When the [[Allies]] defeated the [[Ottoman Empire]] and arranged for its partition, he led a rebellion in the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. From Sep 9, 1923 to Nov 10, 1938, he was also leader of the Republican People's Party.  

Kemal deposed the last sultan of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1922 and became president of Turkey in 1923.  It is estimated that over 99% of Turks are [[Muslim]] [https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/tu.html#People], but Kemal established a [[secular state|secular rule]] based on a strong military.  He abolished Islamic courts and gave women the right to vote and hold government positions.  As a result of his efforts, Turkey is the only Muslim country to independently hold democratic elections.

Atatürk deposed the last sultan of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1922 and became president of Turkey in 1923.  It is estimated that over 99% of Turks are [[Muslim]] [https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/tu.html#People], but Atatürk established a [[secular state|secular rule]] based on a strong military.  He abolished Islamic courts and gave women the right to vote and hold government positions.  As a result of his efforts, Turkey is the only Muslim country to independently hold democratic elections.

[[Samuel Huntington]] defines "Kemalism" as a response to attempts at "reconciliation of Islam and modernity', or to modernise Islam without [[Westernization]].  

[[Samuel Huntington]] defines "Kemalism" as a response to attempts at "reconciliation of Islam and modernity', or to modernise Islam without [[Westernization]].