Changes

The generation objection by itself would not destroy panspermia. But the transference event requires a transit through space, followed by a passage through the earth's [[atmosphere]] and then an impact on the ground or at sea. Either of these events is fraught with danger. The unprotected space outside of an atmosphere is subject to unfiltered [[radiation]] in various forms. These include the products of [[radioactive decay]], [[cosmic rays]] (the highest-energy form of [[electromagnetic radiation]] known to man), and the [[stellar wind]], a stream of particles that fly out from any star as it continuously burns. Even if any life forms could survive the spatial passage, it must then somehow penetrate the atmosphere and risk incineration from sheer friction, and then must survive the impact.

The generation objection by itself would not destroy panspermia. But the transference event requires a transit through space, followed by a passage through the earth's [[atmosphere]] and then an impact on the ground or at sea. Either of these events is fraught with danger. The unprotected space outside of an atmosphere is subject to unfiltered [[radiation]] in various forms. These include the products of [[radioactive decay]], [[cosmic rays]] (the highest-energy form of [[electromagnetic radiation]] known to man), and the [[stellar wind]], a stream of particles that fly out from any star as it continuously burns. Even if any life forms could survive the spatial passage, it must then somehow penetrate the atmosphere and risk incineration from sheer friction, and then must survive the impact.

A test done by attaching a piece of bacteria-smeared rock to a returning [[Russia]]n spacecraft in September 2008 showed the difficulty of life surviving a fall through Earth's atmosphere, with [[temperature]]s on the rock reaching 1700 degrees [[Celsius]], despite an entry speed little more than half that which a meteorite would experience.<ref>Sarfati, Jonathan, [http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/6077 Panspermia theory burned to a crisp: bacteria couldn’t survive on meteorite], 10th October 2008 (Creation Ministries International).</ref>

A test done by attaching a piece of bacteria-smeared rock to a returning [[Russia]]n spacecraft in September 2008 showed the difficulty of life surviving a fall through Earth's atmosphere, with [[temperature]]s on the rock reaching 1700 degrees [[Celsius]], despite an entry speed little more than half that which a meteorite would experience.<ref>Sarfati, Jonathan, [http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/6077 Panspermia theory burned to a crisp: bacteria couldn’t survive on meteorite], 10th October 2008 (Creation Ministries International).</ref> However this source talks about the temperatures no deeper than 2 cm below the surface of the meteorite. Deeper layers may provide more protection.

== Directed panspermia ==

== Directed panspermia ==