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:Πέτρος, Πέτρου, ὁ (an appellative proper name, signifying 'a stone,' '''a rock, ledge or cliff''').

:Πέτρος, Πέτρου, ὁ (an appellative proper name, signifying 'a stone,' '''a rock, ledge or cliff''').

:πέτρα, πέτρας, ἡ, from Homer down; the Septuagint reading for סֶלַע  and צוּר; '''a rock, ledge, cliff'''.   

:πέτρα, πέτρας, ἡ, from Homer down; the Septuagint reading for סֶלַע  and צוּר; '''a rock, ledge, cliff'''.   

Protestant Greek scholars like [[D.A. Carson]] and [[Joseph Thayer]] admit there is no distinction in meaning between petros and petra in the [[Koine]] Greek of the New Testament.<ref>Joseph H. Thayer, Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Peabody: Hendrickson, 1996), 507; D.A. Carson, “Matthew,” in Frank E. Gaebelein, ed., The Expositor’s Bible Commentary (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984), vol. 8, 368.</ref><ref>[http://patrickmadrid.com/bam-bam-the%e2%80%9cpebbles%6e2%80%9d-argument-goes-down-2/ Bam! Bam! The "Pebbles" Argument Goes Down, Patrick Madrid (patrickmadrid.com)]</ref> <br>See Strong's numbers [http://biblehub.com/greek/4074.htm ''4074''] and [http://biblehub.com/greek/4073.htm ''4073'']. See also [http://biblehub.com/greek/2786.htm ''2786''].  

Protestant Greek scholars like [[D.A. Carson]] and [[Joseph Thayer]] admit there is no distinction in meaning between petros and petra in the [[Koine]] Greek of the New Testament.<ref>Joseph H. Thayer, Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Peabody: Hendrickson, 1996), 507; D.A. Carson, “Matthew,” in Frank E. Gaebelein, ed., The Expositor’s Bible Commentary (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984), vol. 8, 368.</ref><ref>[http://patrickmadrid.com/bam-bam-the%e2%80%9cpebbles%6e2%80%9d-argument-goes-down-2/ Bam! Bam! The "Pebbles" Argument Goes Down, Patrick Madrid (patrickmadrid.com)]. Compare [[Falsehood]]. </ref> See Strong's numbers [http://biblehub.com/greek/4074.htm ''4074''] and [http://biblehub.com/greek/4073.htm ''4073'']. See also [http://biblehub.com/greek/2786.htm ''2786''].  

:Κεφας, κεφα, ὁ (Chaldean כֵּיפָא, '''a rock'''), Cephas (equivalent to Πέτρος), the surname of Simon the apostle. (Jesus did not give Simon Bar Jonah a feminine name.)  

:Κεφας, κεφα, ὁ (Chaldean כֵּיפָא, '''a rock'''), Cephas (equivalent to Πέτρος), the surname of Simon the apostle. (Jesus did not give Simon Bar Jonah a feminine name.)  

A more literal translation of verse 18 is, "''I tell you, you are Rock, and on this Rock I will build my gathering (my assembly)''". Linguistically, according to the Greek construction, and Greek grammar, the person indicated by the phrase "''on this rock''" is Peter, not Jesus.  

A more literal translation of verse 18 is, "''I tell you, you are Rock, and on this Rock I will build my gathering (my assembly)''". Linguistically, according to the Greek construction, and Greek grammar, the person indicated by the phrase "''on this rock''" is Peter, not Jesus.