| | During the refugee crisis in 2015 and 2016, several Schengen Area states re-established border controls.<ref>Holehouse, Matthew; Orange, Richard (January 4, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/eu/12080906/Schengen-zone-in-danger-warns-Germany-after-Denmark-and-Sweden-introduce-border-controls.html Schengen zone in danger, warns Germany, after Denmark and Sweden introduce border controls]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref><ref>Cendrowicz, Leo (January 4, 2016). [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/the-end-of-schengen-restrictions-by-denmark-and-sweden-are-threatening-europes-passport-free-zone-a6796696.html The end of Schengen? Restrictions by Denmark and Sweden are 'threatening Europe's passport-free zone']. ''The Independent''. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref> | | During the refugee crisis in 2015 and 2016, several Schengen Area states re-established border controls.<ref>Holehouse, Matthew; Orange, Richard (January 4, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/eu/12080906/Schengen-zone-in-danger-warns-Germany-after-Denmark-and-Sweden-introduce-border-controls.html Schengen zone in danger, warns Germany, after Denmark and Sweden introduce border controls]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref><ref>Cendrowicz, Leo (January 4, 2016). [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/the-end-of-schengen-restrictions-by-denmark-and-sweden-are-threatening-europes-passport-free-zone-a6796696.html The end of Schengen? Restrictions by Denmark and Sweden are 'threatening Europe's passport-free zone']. ''The Independent''. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref> |
| − | Traffickers use small boats to reduce the chances of being picked up by patrol boats’ radars; migrants are often dropped off on stretches of inaccessible coastline, or left to drift ashore. In the case of illegal land crossings, small trucks are used to penetrate the most porous parts of eastern or southern Europe’s borders. Penalties for this are low or non-existent all around Europe, and traffickers are rarely caught anyway. Smuggling people across Europe has become easier and more profitable than anything other criminal activity, including drugs.<ref>[http://www.the-american-interest.com/2014/09/05/europes-immigration-crisis/ Europe’s Immigration Crisis]</ref>}}
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