Changes

==Early Life and Education==

==Early Life and Education==

'''Alma Doering''' was born in 1878 in [[Chicago]] to [[German]] [[Lutheran]] [[immigrants]].  Her father, William,<ref>Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online, Doering, Alma http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Doering, Alma  Accessed October 20, 2015.</ref>  was a [[Civil War]] [[veteran]] and her paternal grandfather one of the early settlers of Chicago.<ref>Alma Doering | Unevangelized Tribes Mission | Zoominfo.com. http://www.zoominfo.com/p/Alma-Doering/1519452500  Accessed October 27, 2015.</ref>  Her mother, born in Germany, lost both parents by age eleven.  Her [[faith]] was ridiculed and restricted by the foster family who took her in, and she eventually immigrated to [[America]] in search of [[religious freedom]].  According to Doering’s writings, her mother was very influential in her  life.<ref>Doering, Alma, "Busy Mothers as God's Prayer Warriors", The Latter Rain Evangel, July, 1914.  Accessed at https://ifphc.org on October 6, 2015.</ref>  At least three children were born to the family, but two died in childhood within a single year.<ref>Doering, Alma, "Busy Mothers as God's Prayer Warriors", The Latter Rain Evangel, July, 1914. Accessed at https.://ifphc.org on October 6, 2015</ref>  Alma’s brother, Edward Doering, who lived in Cleveland, Ohio, supported her [[missionary]] work.<ref>Doering, Alma, Leopard Spots or God's Masterpiece--Which? (Cleveland, OH:"Malembe" Publisher, Evangel Publishing House, 1916), p.10</ref>

Doering's father, William,<ref>Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online, Doering, Alma http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Doering, Alma  Accessed October 20, 2015.</ref>  was a [[Civil War]] [[veteran]] and her paternal grandfather one of the early settlers of Chicago.<ref>Alma Doering | Unevangelized Tribes Mission | Zoominfo.com. http://www.zoominfo.com/p/Alma-Doering/1519452500  Accessed October 27, 2015.</ref>  Her mother, born in [[Germany]], lost both parents by age eleven.  Her [[faith]] was ridiculed and restricted by the foster family who took her in, and she eventually immigrated to [[America]] in search of [[religious freedom]].  According to Doering’s writings, her mother was very influential in her  life.<ref>Doering, Alma, "Busy Mothers as God's Prayer Warriors", The Latter Rain Evangel, July, 1914.  Accessed at https://ifphc.org on October 6, 2015.</ref>  At least three children were born to the family, but two died in childhood within a single year.<ref>Doering, Alma, "Busy Mothers as God's Prayer Warriors", The Latter Rain Evangel, July, 1914. Accessed at https.://ifphc.org on October 6, 2015</ref>  Alma’s brother, Edward Doering, who lived in Cleveland, Ohio, supported her [[missionary]] work.<ref>Doering, Alma, Leopard Spots or God's Masterpiece--Which? (Cleveland, OH:"Malembe" Publisher, Evangel Publishing House, 1916), p.10</ref>

Alma came to personal [[salvation]] at age nine.  She began teaching [[Sunday school]] at age thirteen, and by sixteen was teaching several classes in two Sunday schools.<ref>Alma Doering | Unevangelized Tribes Mission, http://www.zoominfo.com/p/Alma-Doering/1519452550  Accessed October 8, 2015</ref>

Alma came to personal [[salvation]] at age nine.  She began teaching [[Sunday school]] at age thirteen, and by sixteen was teaching several classes in two Sunday schools.<ref>Alma Doering | Unevangelized Tribes Mission, http://www.zoominfo.com/p/Alma-Doering/1519452550  Accessed October 8, 2015</ref>

Doering is best remembered as founder of the Unevangelized Tribes Mission (UTM) and its field secretary for many years.  Doering was international and interdenominational in her views.  She spent time speaking in several [[countries]] of Europe as well as the United States, so much so that she was (mistakenly) called by one writer a “Swiss Pentecostal.”<ref>Eric Nelson, Newburg, The Pentecostal Mission in Palestine 1906-1948, Dissertation for Regent University, February 2008</ref>  He quotes an article she wrote while living in St. Croix, [[Switzerland]]<ref>Anderson, Allan Heaton, To The Ends of the Earth: Pentecostalism and the Transformation of World Christianity, Oxford University Press, 2013</ref> for a Pentecostal magazine.<ref>Doering, Alma, “Those Frustrated Calls to Ministry—Are They Divine?”, Confidence, February 1914, p. 32</ref>   

Doering is best remembered as founder of the Unevangelized Tribes Mission (UTM) and its field secretary for many years.  Doering was international and interdenominational in her views.  She spent time speaking in several [[countries]] of Europe as well as the United States, so much so that she was (mistakenly) called by one writer a “Swiss Pentecostal.”<ref>Eric Nelson, Newburg, The Pentecostal Mission in Palestine 1906-1948, Dissertation for Regent University, February 2008</ref>  He quotes an article she wrote while living in St. Croix, [[Switzerland]]<ref>Anderson, Allan Heaton, To The Ends of the Earth: Pentecostalism and the Transformation of World Christianity, Oxford University Press, 2013</ref> for a Pentecostal magazine.<ref>Doering, Alma, “Those Frustrated Calls to Ministry—Are They Divine?”, Confidence, February 1914, p. 32</ref>   

Technically and officially she was a Lutheran,<ref>Klaus Fiedler, History of Faith Missions,PUBLISHER, 1994, p. 52</ref> but she was sent to Congo first by a Swedish missionary society and then by the Defenseless Mennonites.<ref>”Stepping Stones—The Journey of the Mennonite Church in Congo, Congo—100 Years http://www.mennonitemission.net/SiteCollectionDocuments/Stories/BeyondOurselves/Congo/BL.BYO.Congo.SteppingStones.pdf</ref> She was described by another author as “A Mennonite missionary with holiness sympathies.”<ref>Robison, James, Divine Healing:The Years of Expansion, 1906-1930 (Eugene,OR:Pickwick Publishers, 2014). P.49</ref>  She was also influenced by the [[Pentecostal movement]], apparently following an experience she had while attending the Sunderland Convention in the [[UK]] in 1908.  Donald McGee relates that she testified in that meeting to recognizing a “unknown tongue” spoken there as a warning in the Kifioti tribal language with which she was familiar, and she said that the “interpretation” was given correctly.<ref>Revival Library Online “Wind and Fire”, http://www.revival-library.org/index.php/catalogues-menu/pentecostal/wind-and-fire  The same event is related in McGee’s book The Pentecostal Movement—A Short History, n.p., n.d</ref>  Following this experience, Doering wrote frequently for Pentecostal publications, but also spoke at major [[Mennonite]] Conferences.<ref>Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online  http://www.gameo.org/index.php?title=Doering, _Alma_(1878-1959) Accessed October 23, 2015.</ref>  Never one to be tied down by any one single Christian group, Doering tried to steer the Congo Inland Mission in the same interdenominational direction. Conflicts with the mission board over this issue eventually led Doering to resign in 1925<ref>Snyder, C. Arnold, and Lapp, John Allen, A Global Mennonite History: Africa (Pandora Press, 2003), p. 84.</ref> and found the Unevangelized Tribes Mission the following year, 1926.

Technically and officially she was a [[Lutheran]],<ref>Klaus Fiedler, History of Faith Missions,PUBLISHER, 1994, p. 52</ref> but she was sent to Congo first by a Swedish missionary society and then by the Defenseless Mennonites.<ref>”Stepping Stones—The Journey of the Mennonite Church in Congo, Congo—100 Years http://www.mennonitemission.net/SiteCollectionDocuments/Stories/BeyondOurselves/Congo/BL.BYO.Congo.SteppingStones.pdf</ref> She was described by another author as “A Mennonite missionary with holiness sympathies.”<ref>Robison, James, Divine Healing:The Years of Expansion, 1906-1930 (Eugene,OR:Pickwick Publishers, 2014). P.49</ref>  She was also influenced by the [[Pentecostal movement]], apparently following an experience she had while attending the Sunderland Convention in the [[UK]] in 1908.  Donald McGee relates that she testified in that meeting to recognizing a “unknown tongue” spoken there as a warning in the Kifioti tribal language with which she was familiar, and she said that the “interpretation” was given correctly.<ref>Revival Library Online “Wind and Fire”, http://www.revival-library.org/index.php/catalogues-menu/pentecostal/wind-and-fire  The same event is related in McGee’s book The Pentecostal Movement—A Short History, n.p., n.d</ref>  Following this experience, Doering wrote frequently for Pentecostal publications, but also spoke at major [[Mennonite]] Conferences.<ref>Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online  http://www.gameo.org/index.php?title=Doering, _Alma_(1878-1959) Accessed October 23, 2015.</ref>  Never one to be tied down by any one single Christian group, Doering tried to steer the Congo Inland Mission in the same interdenominational direction. Conflicts with the mission board over this issue eventually led Doering to resign in 1925<ref>Snyder, C. Arnold, and Lapp, John Allen, A Global Mennonite History: Africa (Pandora Press, 2003), p. 84.</ref> and found the Unevangelized Tribes Mission the following year, 1926.

A [[map]] published in 1939 by the mission shows nine mission stations the full length of the southeastern part of the Bandundu Region (now Bandundu Province).  It stated that the aim of the UTM is to “occupy fields not touched by other missions,” and claimed work in eleven tribes, with beginnings in three others.<ref>Doering, Alma, Vision Victorious, (Germantown, PA:Unevangelized Tribes Mission), p. 16.</ref>  The official organ of the mission was “The Unevangelized”.<ref>Doering, Alma, His Way Out, (Germantown, PA:Office of the Unevangelized, 1940) p. 57</ref>  The UTM was eventually absorbed by the Africa Inter-Mennonite Mission and other missions.<ref>"Congo Mission News, 1959, Zaire Church News, Vol. 185-206, p. 21.</ref><ref>Cornelius Dyck & Dennis D. Martin, The Mennonite Encyclopedia, (Mennonite Brethren Publishing House, 1990).</ref>   

A [[map]] published in 1939 by the mission shows nine mission stations the full length of the southeastern part of the Bandundu Region (now Bandundu Province).  It stated that the aim of the UTM is to “occupy fields not touched by other missions,” and claimed work in eleven tribes, with beginnings in three others.<ref>Doering, Alma, Vision Victorious, (Germantown, PA:Unevangelized Tribes Mission), p. 16.</ref>  The official organ of the mission was “The Unevangelized”.<ref>Doering, Alma, His Way Out, (Germantown, PA:Office of the Unevangelized, 1940) p. 57</ref>  The UTM was eventually absorbed by the Africa Inter-Mennonite Mission and other missions.<ref>"Congo Mission News, 1959, Zaire Church News, Vol. 185-206, p. 21.</ref><ref>Cornelius Dyck & Dennis D. Martin, The Mennonite Encyclopedia, (Mennonite Brethren Publishing House, 1990).</ref>