Changes

==Back to Scotland==

==Back to Scotland==

He was engaged to Louise Whitfield of New York for many years, but married her in 1886 at age 51 only after his mother died in 1886.  Carnegie spent at least six months of each year with his wife in Scotland. Soon after the birth of his only child, Margaret,<ref>1897-1990) See her obituary in the ''New York Times'' at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEEDD173DF932A15757C0A966958260</ref>  he purchased a 30,000 acre estate in northern Scotland on the Firth of Dornoch and built the castle of Skibo. Here each summer, Carnegie, a white-bearded and kind-faced patriarch played the Scottish laird at his estate, as guests were led into dinner by a piper. He entertained those people, particularly in the world of literature, science, and education, who interested him most.  He was friend of [[Herbert Spencer]] and [[Matthew Arnold]] and was closely associated with such Liberal statesmen as [[William E. Gladstone]].  Carnegie helped to finance the Gladstonian Liberal Party after the split over home rule in 1886. His closest friend was [[John Morley]], writer, historian, and leader of the British Liberal party.  Carnegie had acquired American citizenship as a minor when his father became a naturalized citizen in the early 1850s. He retained dual citizenship, however, and in the 1880s he seriously (but secretly) considered standing for election to the British Parliament. To that end in 1884 he owned or controlled seven daily newspapers and weeklies in Britain.

He was engaged to Louise Whitfield of New York for many years, but married her in 1886 at age 51 only after his mother died in 1886.  Carnegie spent at least six months of each year with his wife in Scotland. Soon after the birth of his only child, Margaret,<ref>(1897-1990) See her obituary in the ''New York Times'' at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEEDD173DF932A15757C0A966958260</ref>  he purchased a 30,000 acre estate in northern Scotland on the Firth of Dornoch and built the castle of Skibo. Here each summer, Carnegie, a white-bearded and kind-faced patriarch played the Scottish laird at his estate, as guests were led into dinner by a piper. He entertained those people, particularly in the world of literature, science, and education, who interested him most.  He was friend of [[Herbert Spencer]] and [[Matthew Arnold]] and was closely associated with such Liberal statesmen as [[William E. Gladstone]].  Carnegie helped to finance the Gladstonian Liberal Party after the split over home rule in 1886. His closest friend was [[John Morley]], writer, historian, and leader of the British Liberal party.  Carnegie had acquired American citizenship as a minor when his father became a naturalized citizen in the early 1850s. He retained dual citizenship, however, and in the 1880s he seriously (but secretly) considered standing for election to the British Parliament. To that end in 1884 he owned or controlled seven daily newspapers and weeklies in Britain.

==Peace activist==

==Peace activist==

In his last years, Carnegie became convinced that war was man's greatest evil, and he devoted much of his time and fortune toward the securing of international peace. He built the Pan American Union building in Washington, D.C., to promote hemispheric peace and [[the Hague]] Peace Palace in [[the Netherlands]] to support international arbitration. The outbreak of World War I came as a tragic conclusion to all of his hopes, and although he supported the Allied cause, he never recovered from the shock of the war he had worked so hard to prevent, and he retired almost completely from the public scene. He died in Lenox, Massachusetts, on Aug. 11, 1919, with an estate of $30 million (of which $20 million was given away as well).

In his last years, Carnegie became convinced that war was man's greatest evil, and he devoted much of his time and fortune toward the securing of international peace. He built the Pan American Union building in Washington, D.C., to promote hemispheric peace and [[the Hague]] Peace Palace in [[the Netherlands]] to support international arbitration. The outbreak of World War I came as a tragic conclusion to all of his hopes, and although he supported the Allied cause, he never recovered from the shock of the war he had worked so hard to prevent, and he retired almost completely from the public scene. He died in Lenox, Massachusetts, on Aug. 11, 1919, with an estate of $30 million (of which $20 million was given away as well).