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Line 1,193: − − == Atheism and intelligence == − − ''See also:'' [[Atheism and intelligence]] and [[Atheism and the theory of multiple intelligences|Atheism and Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences]] and [[Causes of atheism]] − − [[File:Cerebellum.jpg|right|thumb|220px|Brain researchers have conducted a number of studies focusing on the differences between atheists and the religious. See: [[Atheism and the brain]] ]] − − The current [[Atheist Population|atheist population]] mostly resides in East [[Asia]] - particularly China (see: [[Asian atheism]]). As noted above, China has the largest atheist population in the world. − − Although social scientists have disputes about the accuracy of IQ scores in a given region, regions do vary in terms of their IQ scores.<ref name="CountryIQ">[https://iq-research.info/en/page/average-iq-by-country WORLD RANKING OF COUNTRIES BY THEIR AVERAGE]</ref><ref name="NatureIQ">[http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v92/n4/full/6800418a.html Book Review: IQ and the Wealth of Nations], ''Nature''</ref><ref name="AfricanIQ">[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/01/100121155220.htm Controversial study of African IQ levels is 'deeply flawed'], Science Daily, January 21, 2010</ref> − − According to the IQ researchers Richard Lynn and Tatu Vanhanen, China has the 5th highest national IQ in the world with a score of 105.<ref name="CountryIQ"/> China's Zhejiang province is China's Christianity heartland.<ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/in-atheist-china-christians-outnumber-communist-party-members/story-dNG9fAuLrPvSvoAwbWYL0K.html Atheist China could have largest number of Christians in the world by 2030], Hindustantimes, 2016</ref> In 2005, the ''Chinese Journal of Endemiology'' (Owned by China ‘s ministry of health) reported that Zhejiang province had the highest IQ of all the provinces in China with an average IQ of 115.8 which was markedly higher than China's average IQ at the time which was a score of 103.4.<ref>[http://examiningatheism.blogspot.com/2017/03/chinas-christian-province-had-highest.html China's strongly Christian province had the highest IQ in China in 2005], [[Examining Atheism]]</ref> − − In the latter part of the 20th century and throughout the 21st century, China has seen a rapid growth of [[Evangelical Christians|evangelical Christianity]] within their nation, increased economic development and a leap in intelligence scores.<ref> − *[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/10776023/China-on-course-to-become-worlds-most-Christian-nation-within-15-years.html China on course to become 'world's most Christian nation' within 15 years] − *[http://blog.tifwe.org/the-protestant-work-ethic-alive-well-in-china/ The Protestant Work Ethic: Alive & Well…In China] By Hugh Whelchel on September 24, 2012</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-31556802 Are human beings becoming smarter], BBC, March 2, 2015</ref> See also: [[Growth of Christianity in China]] and [[Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism]] and [[East Asia and global desecularization]] − − Within various countries, standardized [[intelligence testing|intelligence test]] scores (IQ test scores) related to the issue of atheists/agnostics vs. theists intelligence scores often yield conflicting results.<ref> − *[http://www.doxa.ws/other/smarter.html Who is smarter? Believers or non-believers?]*[http://www.randalolson.com/2014/08/24/the-myth-of-the-smarter-atheist/ The myth of the smarter Atheist] by Randy Olson, Posted on August 24, 2014 − *[http://christianmomthoughts.com/are-christians-less-intelligent-than-atheists-heres-what-all-those-studies-really-say/ Are Christians Less Intelligent Than Atheists? Here’s What All Those Studies REALLY Say] by Natasha Crain</ref> Part of the problem is that social scientists use variant [[Definition of atheism|definitions of atheism]].<ref>[http://www.strangenotions.com/atheists-higher-iqs/ ''Do Atheists Really Have Higher IQs than Believers?''], Dr. William M. Briggs</ref><ref>[http://www.patheos.com/blogs/blackwhiteandgray/2012/01/how-many-americans-are-atheists-fewer-than-you-might-think/ How Many Americans are Atheists? Fewer than You Might Think] by Bradley Wright, January 26, 2012</ref> − − Brain researchers have conducted a number of studies focusing on the differences between atheists and the religious (See: [[Atheism and the brain]]). − − Atheists and religious individuals have significant differences in terms of the various types of intelligence (See: [[Atheism and the theory of multiple intelligences]]). − − === Atheist intelligence in different geographic regions === − − Socioeconomic variables can cause differences in regional intelligence levels (for example, wealth which can affect the quality of education, health care and nutrition). − − In terms of the various [[Atheist Population|atheist population]]s in the world, there is a significant amount of variance as far as the cultures they reside in terms of their regional intelligence levels as can be seen via the resources given below. − − *[[Asian atheism and intelligence]] − − *[[European atheism and intelligence]] − − *[[American atheism and intelligence]] − − *[[Irreligious Australia and intelligence]] − − *[[Latino atheism and intelligence]] − − *[[African atheism and intelligence]] − − === Brain studies of atheists === − − ''See also:'' [[Atheism and the brain]] and [[Religiosity and larger frontal lobes]] − − Brain researchers have conducted a number of studies focusing on the differences between atheists and the religious (see: [[Atheism and the brain]] and [[Religiosity and larger frontal lobes]]). − − === Intelligence trends in religious countries and secular countries === − − *[[Intelligence trends in religious countries and secular countries]] − − === Atheism and the theory of multiple intelligences === − − *[[Atheism and the theory of multiple intelligences]] − − === Study on emotional intelligence and religiosity === − − ''See also:'' [[Atheism and emotional/intrapersonal intelligence|Atheism and emotional intelligence]] and [[Atheism and social/interpersonal intelligence|Atheism and social intelligence]] − − A 2004 study by Ellen Paek examined the extent to which religious orientation/behavior and found significant positive correlations were found between level of religious commitment and an individual's perceived [[emotional intelligence]].<ref>''Journal of Organizational Behavior'', Paek, Ellen (2006). "[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886906000961 Religiosity and perceived emotional intelligence among Christians". Personality and Individual Differences] (International Society for the Study of Individual Differences) 41 (3): 479–490</ref> See also: [[Atheism and emotional/intrapersonal intelligence|Atheism and emotional intelligence]] − − According to the prominent brain researcher Antonio Damasio and other brain researchers, emotions play a critical role in high-level cognition and allow individuals to make better decisions.<ref> − *[http://intentionalworkplace.com/2012/03/15/how-emotion-shapes-decision-making/ How emotion affects decision making], The Intentional Workplace − *[http://people.hss.caltech.edu/~steve/bechara.pdf The role of emotion in decision-making: Evidence from neurological patients with orbitofrontal damage], Antoine Becharam, Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA − *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1wup_K2WN0I When Emotions Make Better Decisions - Antonio Damasio] - short video − *[https://news.usc.edu/29569/Antonio-and-Hanna-Damasio-Receive-Honorary-Degrees/ News item about Professor Antonio Damasio], University of Southern California − </ref>
→Atheism and intelligence
Also, due to research showing that death anxiety increases atheists' unconscious belief in God, Dr. Nathan Heflick declared in a ''Psychology Today'' article, "But, at a less conscious (or pre-conscious) level, this research suggests that there might be less atheism in foxholes than atheists in foxholes report."<ref name="Heflick"/> Please see: [[Atheism and death]]
Also, due to research showing that death anxiety increases atheists' unconscious belief in God, Dr. Nathan Heflick declared in a ''Psychology Today'' article, "But, at a less conscious (or pre-conscious) level, this research suggests that there might be less atheism in foxholes than atheists in foxholes report."<ref name="Heflick"/> Please see: [[Atheism and death]]
== Atheism and women ==
== Atheism and women ==