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[[Image:Egypt_David_Roberts.jpg|thumb|500px|'''Exodus''' of the [[Israelites]] from Egypt by David Roberts (1830).]]The '''Exodus''' (Greek ''ex'' out of, outward and ''hodos'' a road or a way) is the abrupt embarkation of the people of [[Israel]] from [[Egypt]]. It is one of the key [[epoch]]al events in the history of the nation of Israel.
[[Image:Egypt_David_Roberts.jpg|thumb|500px|'''Exodus''' of the [[Israelites]] from Egypt by David Roberts (1830).]]The '''Exodus''' (Greek ''ex'' out of, outward and ''hodos'' a road or a way) is the abrupt embarkation of the people of [[Israel]] from [[Egypt]]. It is one of the key [[epoch]]al events in the history of the nation of Israel.
== Origins ==
The narration of the exodus out of Israel originates from the [[Book of Exodus]], the second book of the [[Bible]]. The dating for this document is controversial, although the frame in which this book was authored can be narrowed down to the second millennium BC. An analysis on the onomastics in the Book of Exodus revealed that out of the forty or more names that appear throughout the book, two of them specifically, Puah and Hebron, are Egyptian personal names that are only attested to within the second millennium BC,<ref>Hess, Richard. Edited by James K. Hoffmeier, Alan R. Millard, and Gary A. Rendsburg "Did I Not Bring Israel Out of Egypt? (2016): pp. 37-48.</ref> making authorship of this book during the first millennium BC unlikely, as later scribes in this time period would not be familiar with these names that have had long since gone out of us. This same analysis also failed to find any personal names attested to in the Book of Exodus that are only attested to in the first millennium BC. There are other elements that further indicate authorship in the second millennium BC. For example, in the Book of Exodus, God's strength and power is referred to by His strong and outstretched arm (cf. Exo. 3:19-20; Exo. 13:3; Exo. 32:11, etc.) which is a phrase now known to have originated from the Egyptians themselves and was only used by Egypt.<ref>Hoffmeier, James K. "The Arm of God Versus the Arm of Pharaoh in the Exodus Narratives." Biblica 67.3 (1986): 378-387.</ref> This phrase was widespread and referred to the strong, powerful and outstretched arm of pharaoh by the Egyptians, and was soon adopted by the Hebrews, most likely through their interaction with Egyptian culture during their enslavement in Egypt. This phrase however, significantly declined in usage after the second millennium BC with the start of the Third Intermediate Period,<ref>see reference 2, pg. 383</ref> making an adoption of this term after the second millennium BC unlikely. Thus, it is most probable to conclude that the story of the exodus was already known by the second millennium BC.
== The Biblical Narrative ==
== The Biblical Narrative ==