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→Margaret Sanger, eugenics and racism
=== Harlem clinic ===
=== Harlem clinic ===
Working with the Urban League in 1929, Sanger opened up the first birth control clinic in Harlem, New York.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ELIJD2ErMgwC&pg=PA298 Women and Health in America: Historical Readings]</ref> That same year, Sanger established the ''National Committee on Federal Legislation for Birth Control'' as a lobbying organization, in order to influence the creation and amendment of laws pertaining to abortion and birth control.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=S60656aS4PAC&pg=PA55 Life, Death and the Law: Law and Christian Morals in England and the United States]</ref> It was closed in 1937, only six months after the court case ''United States v. One Package of Japanese Pessaries''.<ref>[http://www.jstor.org/stable/2745054?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Lobbying for Birth Control]</ref>
Working with the Urban League in 1929, Sanger opened up the first birth control clinic in Harlem, New York.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ELIJD2ErMgwC&pg=PA298 Women and Health in America: Historical Readings]</ref> That same year, Sanger established the ''National Committee on Federal Legislation for Birth Control'' as a lobbying organization, in order to influence the creation and amendment of laws pertaining to abortion and birth control.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=S60656aS4PAC&pg=PA55 Life, Death and the Law: Law and Christian Morals in England and the United States]</ref> It was closed in 1937, only six months after the court case ''United States v. One Package of Japanese Pessaries''.<ref>[http://www.jstor.org/stable/2745054?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Lobbying for Birth Control]</ref>
===Eugenics and race===
Margaret Sanger campaigned for eugenic controls to enforce what she called "race hygiene" and was a member of the [[American Eugenics Society]] and the [[English Eugenics Society]].<ref>http://www.all.org/abac/contents.txt</ref><ref>http://www.lifeadvocate.org/1_98/feature.htm</ref><ref>[http://www.catholiceducation.org/articles/sexuality/se0057.html Angry White Female: Margaret Sanger's Race of Thoroughbreds]</ref>
Many modern ideas of the substandard morals and inferiority of particular races are echoed in Sanger's writings. She wrote in one of her "''What Every Girl Should Know''" commentaries, that aboriginal Australians are in her opinion "the lowest known species of the human family, just a step higher than the chimpanzee in brain development," and that they possess "so little sexual control that police authority alone prevents him from obtaining sexual satisfaction on the streets." She compared these aborigines to "normal man and Woman" who have demonstrated control over their sexual desires.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Pm1RAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA47 What Every Girl Should Know], Sexual Impulse - Part II</ref> She had a very deep hatred for other races that demonstrated a greater fecundity, such as the Chinese and the aborigines.
Additionally, she wrote about the failure of traditional ethics in sexuality that "... have in the past revealed their woeful inability to prevent the sexual and racial chaos into which the world has today drifted."<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=vKBFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA29 Birth Control Review, Volume 5], The Eugenic Value of Birth Control Propaganda</ref>
Margaret Sanger associated with racists<ref>{{hnb|Peterson|2007}}</ref> and in 1926, she was the guest speaker at a Ku Klux Klan rally in Silverlake, New Jersey.<ref>{{hnb|Peterson|2007}} citing {{hnb|Douglas|1970|p=192}}</ref>
===Minority Communities and Planned Parenthood ===
===Minority Communities and Planned Parenthood ===