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Created page with "'''Euroskepticism''' refers to the political philosophy opposed to the European Union and its increasingly centralized, federalist, and socialist powers. Most Eurosceptics..."
'''Euroskepticism''' refers to the political philosophy opposed to the [[European Union]] and its increasingly centralized, federalist, and socialist powers. Most Eurosceptics are [[conservative]], [[libertarian]], and [[populism|populist]], although some people on the left also held to their own version of Euroskepticism. Adherents of Euroskepticism are known as Euroskeptics.
==History==
Euroskepticism has its roots in the political and economic unification and integration of the [[European Union]].<ref name="Britannica">Michael Ray. [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Euroskepticism Euroskepticism]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref>
One could see Euroskepticism in action in the 1990s, when the [[Maastricht Treaty]] was being adopted by EU nations.<ref name="Britannica"/> [[Denmark]] rejected the treaty, and [[France]] barely approved it.<ref name="Britannica"/> Additionally, [[Switzerland]] rejected joining the European Economic Area in 1992,<ref name="Arm's length">Miserez, Marc-Andre (December 2, 2012). [http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/20-years-on_switzerland-poised-to-keep-eu-at-arm-s-length/34083578 Switzerland poised to keep EU at arm's length]. ''Swissinfo''. Retrieved August 16, 2016.</ref><ref name="CH&EU">[https://www.eda.admin.ch/dam/eda/en/documents/publications/EuropaeischeAngelegenheiten/Schweiz-und-EU_en.pdf Switzerland and the European Union] (PDF) (2nd ed.). ''Federal Department of Foreign Affairs''. 2016. Retrieved August 16, 2016.</ref> and [[Norway]] rejected a referendum to join the EU.<ref name="Britannica"/> Many Euroskeptic parties grew during this period.<ref name="Britannica"/>
A new wave of Euroskepticism<ref>Mutliple references:
*Murray, Douglas (October 3, 2015). [https://www.spectator.co.uk/2015/10/euroscepticism-is-growing-all-over-europe/# Euroscepticism is growing all over Europe]. ''The Spectator''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
*Wright, Oliver (June 7, 2016). [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/euroscepticism-on-the-rise-across-europe-as-analysis-finds-increasing-opposition-to-the-eu-in-france-a7069766.html Euroscepticism on the rise across Europe as analysis finds increasing opposition to the EU in France, Germany and Spain]. ''The Independent''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
*Foster, Peter (June 7, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/07/its-not-just-the-brits-euroscepticism-on-the-rise-all-across-eur/ It's not just the Brits: Euroscepticism on the rise all across Europe, major survey shows]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
*Boffey, Daniel (March 3, 2017). [https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/mar/03/brexit-has-put-other-leaders-off-wanting-to-leave-says-ec-vice-president Rising Euroscepticism 'poses existential threat to EU']. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref> resulted from the [[Eurozone Crisis]], which began in 2009, and the [[European migrant crisis]], which began a few years later. Euroskeptic parties performed strongly in the 2014 European parliament elections,<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/05/26/after-euroskeptic-rise-muddles-european-union-future-eu-leaders-must-find-way.html After Euroskeptic rise muddles European Union's future, EU leaders must find a way out]. ''Fox News''. May 26, 2014. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27559714 Eurosceptic 'earthquake' rocks EU elections]. ''BBC''. May 26, 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-28107633 How Eurosceptic is the new European Parliament?]. ''BBC''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref><ref>Synon, M.E. (July 26, 2014). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2014/05/26/on-the-continent-germany-france-and-the-earthquake/ On the Continent: Germany, France and the earthquake]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref> with Euroskeptic parties in the [[United Kingdom]],<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/events/vote2014/eu-uk-results UK European election results]. ''BBC''. Retrieved September 8, 2016.</ref> France,<ref>McPartland, Ben (May 25, 2014). [https://www.thelocal.fr/20140525/live-european-elections European Elections 2014: National Front tops vote]. ''The Local''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref> and Denmark<ref>Alexander, Harriet (May 26, 2014). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/denmark/10856160/EU-election-2014-Danish-eurosceptic-Peoples-Party-wins-and-calls-for-alliance-with-Cameron.html EU election 2014: Danish eurosceptic People's Party wins - and calls for alliance with Cameron]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref> gaining the most seats in their respective countries.
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:European Union]]
[[Category:European Politics]]
[[Category:Conservatism]]
[[Category:Libertarianism]]
==History==
Euroskepticism has its roots in the political and economic unification and integration of the [[European Union]].<ref name="Britannica">Michael Ray. [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Euroskepticism Euroskepticism]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref>
One could see Euroskepticism in action in the 1990s, when the [[Maastricht Treaty]] was being adopted by EU nations.<ref name="Britannica"/> [[Denmark]] rejected the treaty, and [[France]] barely approved it.<ref name="Britannica"/> Additionally, [[Switzerland]] rejected joining the European Economic Area in 1992,<ref name="Arm's length">Miserez, Marc-Andre (December 2, 2012). [http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/20-years-on_switzerland-poised-to-keep-eu-at-arm-s-length/34083578 Switzerland poised to keep EU at arm's length]. ''Swissinfo''. Retrieved August 16, 2016.</ref><ref name="CH&EU">[https://www.eda.admin.ch/dam/eda/en/documents/publications/EuropaeischeAngelegenheiten/Schweiz-und-EU_en.pdf Switzerland and the European Union] (PDF) (2nd ed.). ''Federal Department of Foreign Affairs''. 2016. Retrieved August 16, 2016.</ref> and [[Norway]] rejected a referendum to join the EU.<ref name="Britannica"/> Many Euroskeptic parties grew during this period.<ref name="Britannica"/>
A new wave of Euroskepticism<ref>Mutliple references:
*Murray, Douglas (October 3, 2015). [https://www.spectator.co.uk/2015/10/euroscepticism-is-growing-all-over-europe/# Euroscepticism is growing all over Europe]. ''The Spectator''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
*Wright, Oliver (June 7, 2016). [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/euroscepticism-on-the-rise-across-europe-as-analysis-finds-increasing-opposition-to-the-eu-in-france-a7069766.html Euroscepticism on the rise across Europe as analysis finds increasing opposition to the EU in France, Germany and Spain]. ''The Independent''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
*Foster, Peter (June 7, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/07/its-not-just-the-brits-euroscepticism-on-the-rise-all-across-eur/ It's not just the Brits: Euroscepticism on the rise all across Europe, major survey shows]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
*Boffey, Daniel (March 3, 2017). [https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/mar/03/brexit-has-put-other-leaders-off-wanting-to-leave-says-ec-vice-president Rising Euroscepticism 'poses existential threat to EU']. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref> resulted from the [[Eurozone Crisis]], which began in 2009, and the [[European migrant crisis]], which began a few years later. Euroskeptic parties performed strongly in the 2014 European parliament elections,<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/05/26/after-euroskeptic-rise-muddles-european-union-future-eu-leaders-must-find-way.html After Euroskeptic rise muddles European Union's future, EU leaders must find a way out]. ''Fox News''. May 26, 2014. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27559714 Eurosceptic 'earthquake' rocks EU elections]. ''BBC''. May 26, 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-28107633 How Eurosceptic is the new European Parliament?]. ''BBC''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref><ref>Synon, M.E. (July 26, 2014). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2014/05/26/on-the-continent-germany-france-and-the-earthquake/ On the Continent: Germany, France and the earthquake]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref> with Euroskeptic parties in the [[United Kingdom]],<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/events/vote2014/eu-uk-results UK European election results]. ''BBC''. Retrieved September 8, 2016.</ref> France,<ref>McPartland, Ben (May 25, 2014). [https://www.thelocal.fr/20140525/live-european-elections European Elections 2014: National Front tops vote]. ''The Local''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref> and Denmark<ref>Alexander, Harriet (May 26, 2014). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/denmark/10856160/EU-election-2014-Danish-eurosceptic-Peoples-Party-wins-and-calls-for-alliance-with-Cameron.html EU election 2014: Danish eurosceptic People's Party wins - and calls for alliance with Cameron]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved July 10, 2017.</ref> gaining the most seats in their respective countries.
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:European Union]]
[[Category:European Politics]]
[[Category:Conservatism]]
[[Category:Libertarianism]]