Changes

==Scriptural Geology in America==

==Scriptural Geology in America==

Martyn Payne published the most comprehensive geological treatise in America from the perspective that Noah's flood was a global historical reality.<ref>Physiology of the Soul and Instinct, as Distinguished from Materialism, M Paine - 1872 (this book is available on-line)[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=xo8vS6QZ0zUC&oi=fnd&pg=PA17&dq=martyn+paine&ots=A9KxtIfNZc&sig=zGemhBsF8rWVGCVi21J2eVZzCog#v=onepage&q=martyn%20paine&f=false]</ref> Eleazer Lord performed earlier work on this new academic discipline.<ref>The Epoch of Creation: The Scripture Doctrine Contrasted with the Geological Theory, E Lord - 1851 (online)[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=cJksAAAAYAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR2&dq=eleazar+lord&ots=1XhtyN3G9g&sig=l8IKLCBvnCwZk634Eb9l6H79X6M#v=onepage&q=eleazar%20lord&f=false]</ref>

Martyn Payne published the most comprehensive geological treatise in America from the perspective that Noah's flood was a global historical reality.<ref>Physiology of the Soul and Instinct, as Distinguished from Materialism, M Paine - 1872 (this book is available on-line).[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=xo8vS6QZ0zUC&oi=fnd&pg=PA17&dq=martyn+paine&ots=A9KxtIfNZc&sig=zGemhBsF8rWVGCVi21J2eVZzCog#v=onepage&q=martyn%20paine&f=false]</ref> Eleazer Lord performed earlier work on this new academic discipline.<ref>The Epoch of Creation: The Scripture Doctrine Contrasted with the Geological Theory, E Lord - 1851 (online).[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=cJksAAAAYAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR2&dq=eleazar+lord&ots=1XhtyN3G9g&sig=l8IKLCBvnCwZk634Eb9l6H79X6M#v=onepage&q=eleazar%20lord&f=false]</ref>

Eleazer Lord's brother David published his geology book in 1857.<ref>Geognosy; or, The facts and principles of geology against theories, Lord - 1857[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=T9w0AAAAMAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA5&dq=geognosy&ots=JO2kCYD4RH&sig=5zCIEuTeSOB9Rg2ygIefLUF0j2o#v=onepage&q=geognosy&f=false]</ref> Gordon in the 1877 Vedder Lecture for the students of Rutgers College and Theological Seminary praised the work of Martyn Payne. The Reformed Church in America published these in 1878.<ref>Science of Revealed Truth Impregnable as Shown by the Argumentative Failures of Infidelity and Theoretical Geology. WR Gordon, 1878[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0V8NAQAAMAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA9&dq=vedder+lectures&ots=ttLBzmcqQT&sig=W7IFXKiPL_c499LMzd0y2RbDv70#v=onepage&q=vedder%20lectures&f=false]</ref>  Geology being a new science in the 19th century, scholars trained in other fields pioneered the discipline.  For instance, Charles Lyell the founder of uniformitarian geology "the present is the key to the past" trained as a lawyer.  Payne, however, had scientific expertise as a leading medical scholar of the 19th century. Rodney Stiling negatively appraised the American Scriptural Geologists.<ref>Rodney Stiling, "Scriptural Geology in America" pp. 177-192. Livingstone, DG Hart, MA Noll (eds.) - 1999, Evangelicals and Science in Historical Perspective[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=_4K720YRj88C&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Evangelicals+and+Science+in+Historical+Perspective,+1999&ots=0VdoQg0wcy&sig=hdpk3fTueG2-hdTaxXz_uFIREJo#v=onepage&q=Evangelicals%20and%20Science%20in%20Historical%20Perspective%2C%201999&f=false]</ref>

Eleazer Lord's brother David published his geology book in 1857.<ref>Geognosy; or, The facts and principles of geology against theories, D Lord - 1857.[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=T9w0AAAAMAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA5&dq=geognosy&ots=JO2kCYD4RH&sig=5zCIEuTeSOB9Rg2ygIefLUF0j2o#v=onepage&q=geognosy&f=false]</ref> Gordon in the 1877 Vedder Lecture for the students of Rutgers College and Theological Seminary praised the work of Martyn Payne. The Reformed Church in America published these in 1878.<ref>Science of Revealed Truth Impregnable as Shown by the Argumentative Failures of Infidelity and Theoretical Geology. WR Gordon, 1878.[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0V8NAQAAMAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA9&dq=vedder+lectures&ots=ttLBzmcqQT&sig=W7IFXKiPL_c499LMzd0y2RbDv70#v=onepage&q=vedder%20lectures&f=false]</ref>  Geology being a new science in the 19th century, scholars trained in other fields pioneered the discipline.  For instance, Charles Lyell the founder of uniformitarian geology "the present is the key to the past" trained as a lawyer.  Payne, however, had scientific expertise as a leading medical scholar of the 19th century. Rodney Stiling negatively appraised the American Scriptural Geologists.<ref>Rodney Stiling, "Scriptural Geology in America" pp. 177-192. Livingstone, DG Hart, MA Noll (eds.) - 1999, Evangelicals and Science in Historical Perspective.[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=_4K720YRj88C&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Evangelicals+and+Science+in+Historical+Perspective,+1999&ots=0VdoQg0wcy&sig=hdpk3fTueG2-hdTaxXz_uFIREJo#v=onepage&q=Evangelicals%20and%20Science%20in%20Historical%20Perspective%2C%201999&f=false]</ref>

==Aftermath==

==Aftermath==