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→Snowden revelations
Snowden leaks reveal Britain's GCHQ and other European spy agencies work together to conduct mass surveillance. The files also make clear that GCHQ played a leading role in advising its European counterparts how to work around national laws intended to restrict the surveillance power of intelligence agencies. ''The Guardian'' article reports,<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/nov/01/gchq-europe-spy-agencies-mass-surveillance-snowden</ref>
Snowden leaks reveal Britain's GCHQ and other European spy agencies work together to conduct mass surveillance. The files also make clear that GCHQ played a leading role in advising its European counterparts how to work around national laws intended to restrict the surveillance power of intelligence agencies. ''The Guardian'' article reports,<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/nov/01/gchq-europe-spy-agencies-mass-surveillance-snowden</ref>
{{Quotebox|It is clear from the Snowden documents that GCHQ has become Europe's intelligence hub in the internet age, and not just because of its success in creating a legally permissive environment for its operations. Britain's location as the European gateway for many transatlantic cables, and its privileged relationship with the NSA has made GCHQ an essential partner for European agencies. The documents show British officials frequently lobbying the NSA on sharing of data with the Europeans and haggling over its security classification so it can be more widely disseminated. In the intelligence world, far more than it managed in diplomacy, Britain has made itself an indispensable bridge between America and Europe's spies.}}
{{Quotebox|It is clear from the Snowden documents that GCHQ has become Europe's intelligence hub in the internet age, and not just because of its success in creating a legally permissive environment for its operations. Britain's location as the European gateway for many transatlantic cables, and its privileged relationship with the NSA has made GCHQ an essential partner for European agencies. The documents show British officials frequently lobbying the NSA on sharing of data with the Europeans and haggling over its security classification so it can be more widely disseminated. In the intelligence world, far more than it managed in diplomacy, Britain has made itself an indispensable bridge between America and Europe's spies.}}
The ''[[Guardian]]'' revealed tapping through back doors into US internet companies such as [[Apple]], [[Google]] and [[Facebook]] with a program called Prism> Its GCHQ counterpart is called Tempora.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/06/us-tech-giants-nsa-data</ref> UK government struck a secret deal with the NSA to share phone, internet, and email records of UK citizens. Lake on how Britain's GCHQ taps fiber-optic cables to collect and store global email messages, Facebook posts, internet histories, and calls, and then shares the data with the NSA. And the top-secret procedures the NSA must take to target and collect data from "non-US persons" and how the NSA must minimize, or mask, data collected on 'US persons'.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/20/fisa-court-nsa-without-warrant</ref>
The ''[[Guardian]]'' revealed tapping through back doors into US internet companies such as [[Apple]], [[Google]] and [[Facebook]] with a program called Prism> Its GCHQ counterpart is called Tempora.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/06/us-tech-giants-nsa-data</ref> UK government struck a secret deal with the NSA to share phone, internet, and email records of UK citizens. Lake on how Britain's GCHQ taps fiber-optic cables to collect and store global email messages, Facebook posts, internet histories, and calls, and then shares the data with the NSA. And the top-secret procedures the NSA must take to target and collect data from "non-US persons" and how the NSA must minimize, or mask, data collected on 'US persons'.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/20/fisa-court-nsa-without-warrant</ref> The ''[[washington Post]]'' published a new slide detailing NSA's "Upstream" program of collecting communications from tech companies through fiber-optic cables to then feed into its Prism database.
On June 9, 2013 Snowden stepped forward as the source of the leaks published in ''The Guardian''.<ref name="theguardian.com">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/09/nsa-secret-surveillance-lawmakers-live</ref> Introducing himself Snowden says,<ref>https://youtu.be/9u5ecSR_rag</ref>
On June 9, 2013 Snowden stepped forward as the source of the leaks published in ''The Guardian''.<ref name="theguardian.com">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/09/nsa-secret-surveillance-lawmakers-live</ref> Introducing himself Snowden says,<ref>https://youtu.be/9u5ecSR_rag</ref>
NSA analysts, using the XKeyscore program, can search through enormous databases of emails, online chats, and browsing histories of targets.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/31/nsa-top-secret-program-online-data</ref><ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jul/31/nsa-xkeyscore-program-full-presentation</ref>
NSA analysts, using the XKeyscore program, can search through enormous databases of emails, online chats, and browsing histories of targets.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/31/nsa-top-secret-program-online-data</ref><ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jul/31/nsa-xkeyscore-program-full-presentation</ref>
As the 4th of July holiday approached, [[Pentagon Papers]] and [[Watergate]] hero [[Daniel Ellsberg]] called for a Congressional probe of “abuses of American intelligence agencies” and to “restore the protections in the [[Bill of Rights]]."<ref>http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/07/01/daniel-ellsberg-issues-call-for-a-new-church-committee-to-probe-nsa.html</ref>
As the [[4th of July]] holiday approached, [[Pentagon Papers]] and [[Wayergate]] hero ][Daniel Ellsberg]] called for a Congressional probe of “abuses of American intelligence agencies” and to “restore the protections in the [[Bill of Rights]]."<ref>http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/07/01/daniel-ellsberg-issues-call-for-a-new-church-committee-to-probe-nsa.html</ref>
===Intimidation of journalists===
===Intimidation of journalists===