Changes

:(2 Maccabees 1:11-17). Antiochus X Eusebes called simply ,"Antiochus": 2 Maccabees 1.

:(2 Maccabees 1:11-17). Antiochus X Eusebes called simply ,"Antiochus": 2 Maccabees 1.

In the 1st chapter of 2 Maccabees, the second letter (1:10–2:18) is addressed to Aristobulus:<blockquote>"''...To  Aristobulus,''<ref>Aristobulus II (son of Alexander Jannaeus [''who ruled'' 103–76 B.C.] son of John Hyrcanus). See [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1769-aristobulus-ii Jewish Encyclopedia: Aristobulus II].<br/>It is unlikely that the earlier Aristobulus I is indicated, who imprisoned his mother, killed his brother, and ruled less than one year 104–103 B.C. as ethnarch and high priest. ''Ant.'' 13:11:1–3 (§§301–317).</ref> ''who is of the family of the anointed priests, teacher of Ptolemy the king ''<ref>[http://www.livius.org/ps-pz/ptolemies/ptolemy_xii_auletes.html Ptolemy XII Auletes]</ref>''...Having been saved by God out of grave dangers we thank him greatly for taking our side against the king. For he drove out those who fought against the holy city.''"</blockquote>

In the 1st chapter of 2 Maccabees, the second letter (1:10–2:18) is addressed to Aristobulus:<blockquote>"''...To  Aristobulus,''<ref>Aristobulus II (son of Alexander Jannaeus [''who ruled'' 103–76 B.C.] son of John Hyrcanus). See [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1769-aristobulus-ii Jewish Encyclopedia: Aristobulus II].<br/>It is unlikely that the earlier Aristobulus I is indicated, who imprisoned his mother, killed his brother, and ruled less than one year 104–103 B.C. as [[ethnarch]] and high priest. ''Ant.'' 13:11:1–3 (§§301–317).</ref> ''who is of the family of the anointed priests, teacher of Ptolemy the king ''<ref>[http://www.livius.org/ps-pz/ptolemies/ptolemy_xii_auletes.html Ptolemy XII Auletes]</ref>''...Having been saved by God out of grave dangers we thank him greatly for taking our side against the king. For he drove out those who fought against the holy city.''"</blockquote>

This aggressive military action of Antiochus X against Jerusalem is related indirectly by Josephus, [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/josephus/works/files/ant-14.htm ''Antiquities of the Jews'', Book 14, Chapters 2—4], in which he relates that numbers of men swarmed out of Persia and fought against the Jews, and the holy city. The second letter of 2 Maccabees relates (1:13-16) the death of Antiochus X Eusebes and his men,<ref>See [http://virtualreligion.net/iho/antiochus_10.html Antiochus X Eusebes] (virtualreligion.net)</ref> during the course of a military expedition, as locked inside the temple of Nanaya/Nanea in Persia,<ref>Nanea. See [http://www.behindthename.com/name/nanaya Nanaya] (behindthename.com) and [http://www.aakkl.helsinki.fi/melammu/database/gen_html/a0000731.php The Melammu Project. The Heritage of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East: Nanaya in Syria and Mesopotamia] (aakkl.helsinki.fi)</ref> stoned to death and beheaded by the priests. Mahlon H. Smith states that, according to Syrian records, Antiochus X Eusebes died fighting the Parthian Empire (which included Persian territory).<ref>[http://www.westarinstitute.org/membership/westar-fellows/fellows-directory/mahlon-h-smith/ Mahlon H. Smith]<br/>See [http://virtualreligion.net/iho/antiochus_10.html Antiochus X Eusebes ''entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith''] <br/>and [http://www.livius.org/am-ao/antiochus/antiochus_x_eusebes.html Antiochus X Eusebes] (livius.org)</ref><ref name=ParthianMedia>'''Parthian Media'''. See [http://www.iranchamber.com/history/parthians/parthians.php Parthian Empire] (iranchamber.com), [http://www.ancient.eu/Parthian_Empire Parthian Empire] (ancient.eu), [http://www.friesian.com/iran.htm Media, Persia, Parthia, and Irân] (friesian.com), and [http://www.livius.org/pan-paz/parthia/kings.html Parthian kings] (livius.org)</ref> This Antiochus should not be confused with the earlier Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who failed to take Elymais and its temple, and afterward died of parasitic infection and decay in the mountains of Persia. 1 Maccabees 6:1-16; 2 Maccabees 9:1-10, 28.

This aggressive military action of Antiochus X against Jerusalem is related indirectly by Josephus, [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/josephus/works/files/ant-14.htm ''Antiquities of the Jews'', Book 14, Chapters 2—4], in which he relates that numbers of men swarmed out of Persia and fought against the Jews, and the holy city. The second letter of 2 Maccabees relates (1:13-16) the death of Antiochus X Eusebes and his men,<ref>See [http://virtualreligion.net/iho/antiochus_10.html Antiochus X Eusebes] (virtualreligion.net)</ref> during the course of a military expedition, as locked inside the temple of Nanaya/Nanea in Persia,<ref>Nanea. See [http://www.behindthename.com/name/nanaya Nanaya] (behindthename.com) and [http://www.aakkl.helsinki.fi/melammu/database/gen_html/a0000731.php The Melammu Project. The Heritage of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East: Nanaya in Syria and Mesopotamia] (aakkl.helsinki.fi)</ref> stoned to death and beheaded by the priests. Mahlon H. Smith states that, according to Syrian records, Antiochus X Eusebes died fighting the Parthian Empire (which included Persian territory).<ref>[http://www.westarinstitute.org/membership/westar-fellows/fellows-directory/mahlon-h-smith/ Mahlon H. Smith]<br/>See [http://virtualreligion.net/iho/antiochus_10.html Antiochus X Eusebes ''entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith''] <br/>and [http://www.livius.org/am-ao/antiochus/antiochus_x_eusebes.html Antiochus X Eusebes] (livius.org)</ref><ref name=ParthianMedia>'''Parthian Media'''. See [http://www.iranchamber.com/history/parthians/parthians.php Parthian Empire] (iranchamber.com), [http://www.ancient.eu/Parthian_Empire Parthian Empire] (ancient.eu), [http://www.friesian.com/iran.htm Media, Persia, Parthia, and Irân] (friesian.com), and [http://www.livius.org/pan-paz/parthia/kings.html Parthian kings] (livius.org)</ref> This Antiochus should not be confused with the earlier Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who failed to take Elymais and its temple, and afterward died of parasitic infection and decay in the mountains of Persia. 1 Maccabees 6:1-16; 2 Maccabees 9:1-10, 28.