Changes

The belief that reality consists of many ''different'' substances (including abstract objects and universals) in ''addition'' to those fundamentally mindless arrangements or interactions of matter-energy in space-time.

The belief that reality consists of many ''different'' substances (including abstract objects and universals) in ''addition'' to those fundamentally mindless arrangements or interactions of matter-energy in space-time.

Naturalism is inconsistent with any kind of [[Theism]] and is compatible with [[Atheism]]. The direct opposite of Naturalism is Supernaturalism, which accepts the existence of such things as supernatural beings, magical objects, [[Dualism|Platonic form]]s or the existence (for example) of [[Agape|love]], or of [[evil]], as a cosmic force. (See [[Gnosticism|Demiurge]]

Naturalism is inconsistent with any kind of [[Theism]] and is compatible with [[Atheism]]. The direct opposite of Naturalism is Supernaturalism, which accepts the existence of such things as supernatural beings, magical objects, [[Dualism|Platonic form]]s or the existence (for example) of [[Agape|love]], or of [[evil]], as a cosmic force. (See [[Demiurge]]

<ref>Demiurge: In Plato's philosophy, the creator of the material universe; in the Gnostic systems, a deity regarded as an emanation of the Supreme Being, considered to be the creator of the material world and sometimes the creator of evil. Generally, Gnostics believed that the Abrahamic God was in fact two separate and independent entities. They believed that the Demiurge was the God of the Israelites and the Old Testament. He created the world and man imperfectly, and was malevolent. The Gnostics believed that the second god was a good, benevolent god who is embodied in Jesus Christ, who came to save humanity from sin and suffering and the evils of the material world, and lead immortal spiritual man back into freedom from the bondage of matter through the "true ''gnosis'' (knowledge)".

<ref>Demiurge: In Plato's philosophy, the creator of the material universe; in the Gnostic systems, a deity regarded as an emanation of the Supreme Being, considered to be the creator of the material world and sometimes the creator of evil. Generally, Gnostics believed that the Abrahamic God was in fact two separate and independent entities. They believed that the Demiurge was the God of the Israelites and the Old Testament. He created the world and man imperfectly, and was malevolent. The Gnostics believed that the second god was a good, benevolent god who is embodied in Jesus Christ, who came to save humanity from sin and suffering and the evils of the material world, and lead immortal spiritual man back into freedom from the bondage of matter through the "true ''gnosis'' (knowledge)".

<br/>[< F (French) ''demi'' <L ''dimidius'' half < ''dis-'' from, apart + ''medius'' middle + Gk. ''ourgos'' < ''ergein'' to work] the demiurge is the middle worker or intermediate creator from a plane of existence between the highest unknowable Supreme Being and the lowest material universe.</ref>  

<br/>[< F (French) ''demi'' <L ''dimidius'' half < ''dis-'' from, apart + ''medius'' middle + Gk. ''ourgos'' < ''ergein'' to work] the demiurge is the middle worker or intermediate creator from a plane of existence between the highest unknowable Supreme Being and the lowest material universe.</ref>