| | The '''Shroud of Turin''' (in Italian, ''la Sacra Sindone'') is the most studied artifact in the history of the world, causing some [[agnostic]] or [[Atheism|atheist]] [[scientist]]s to convert to [[Christianity]].<ref>[http://www.shroud.com/mrinobnf.pdf]</ref> Other scientists, who have not converted, still consider the Shroud to be the authentic burial cloth for [[Jesus Christ]]. | | The '''Shroud of Turin''' (in Italian, ''la Sacra Sindone'') is the most studied artifact in the history of the world, causing some [[agnostic]] or [[Atheism|atheist]] [[scientist]]s to convert to [[Christianity]].<ref>[http://www.shroud.com/mrinobnf.pdf]</ref> Other scientists, who have not converted, still consider the Shroud to be the authentic burial cloth for [[Jesus Christ]]. |
| − | The Shroud contains real blood stains consisting of human male [[DNA]], and a [[blood type]] that is AB - the same rare blood type found on the [[Sudarium of Oviedo|face covering for Jesus]] preserved in Spain.<ref name="Oviedo">The [[Shroud of Oviedo]].</ref> The height of the man was between 5'9" and 5'11"; his weight, 168-180 pounds; his age, between 30 and 45 years old.<ref>[https://www.shroud.com/meacham2.htm Excellent scientific article about the Shroud]</ref> Coins visible only to modern technology had been placed over the man's eyes, an ancient Roman tradition not known to historians until modern archaeological excavations revealed the practice.<ref>Coins over the eyes were particularly necessary to keep the eyes shut if the person died with his eyes open.</ref> The coin over the right eye was minted by [[Pontius Pilate]], and the coin over the left eye was minted only in A.D. 29, merely a few years before the estimated date of the [[Crucifixion]].<ref name="Coins">http://www.shroudstory.com/faq-coins.htm</ref> The angle of the man's arms during the [[crucifixion]] can be inferred from the flow of blood seen on the Shroud: 65° for one arm; 55° for the other. The cloth was a finely woven linen that would have been available to a wealthy man as described in the [[Gospels]], and was cut from the same fabric containing the same pollen as the face covering preserved separately in Spain.<ref name="Oviedo"/> | + | The Shroud contains real blood stains consisting of human male [[DNA]], and a [[blood type]] that is AB - the same rare blood type<ref>Less than 5% of Europeans have AB blood type.</ref> found on the [[Sudarium of Oviedo|face covering for Jesus]] preserved in Spain,<ref name="Oviedo">The [[Shroud of Oviedo]].</ref> and the same rare blood type common in "68 skeletons of Jewish residents from 1,600 to 2,000 years ago in and around [[Jerusalem]]."<ref>http://www.rhesusnegative.net/staynegative/blood-types-ancient-hebrews/</ref> The height of the man was between 5'9" and 5'11"; his weight, 168-180 pounds; his age, between 30 and 45 years old.<ref>[https://www.shroud.com/meacham2.htm Excellent scientific article about the Shroud]</ref> Coins visible only to modern technology had been placed over the man's eyes, an ancient Roman tradition not known to historians until modern archaeological excavations revealed the practice.<ref>Coins over the eyes were particularly necessary to keep the eyes shut if the person died with his eyes open.</ref> The coin over the right eye was minted by [[Pontius Pilate]], and the coin over the left eye was minted only in A.D. 29, merely a few years before the estimated date of the [[Crucifixion]].<ref name="Coins">http://www.shroudstory.com/faq-coins.htm</ref> The angle of the man's arms during the [[crucifixion]] can be inferred from the flow of blood seen on the Shroud: 65° for one arm; 55° for the other. The cloth was a finely woven linen that would have been available to a wealthy man as described in the [[Gospels]], and was cut from the same fabric containing the same pollen as the face covering preserved separately in Spain.<ref name="Oviedo"/> |
| | There is overwhelming [[forensic]] evidence on the Shroud indicating that it is the image of man who was unusually both [[scourge]]d and crucified, and yet (as described in the [[Bible]]) without the breaking of the victim's leg as commonly done as part of the punishment.<ref name="Forensics">http://www.shroudstory.com/forensics.htm</ref> The bloodstains on the Shroud were formed before the image was made, suggesting that the image was formed by a kind of flash of light after death. The image is scientifically precise in a way unknown to any medieval forgers: the thumbs are not visible because the nails were through the wrist, not through the hands as mistakenly thought until the 20th century.<ref name="Forensics"/> | | There is overwhelming [[forensic]] evidence on the Shroud indicating that it is the image of man who was unusually both [[scourge]]d and crucified, and yet (as described in the [[Bible]]) without the breaking of the victim's leg as commonly done as part of the punishment.<ref name="Forensics">http://www.shroudstory.com/forensics.htm</ref> The bloodstains on the Shroud were formed before the image was made, suggesting that the image was formed by a kind of flash of light after death. The image is scientifically precise in a way unknown to any medieval forgers: the thumbs are not visible because the nails were through the wrist, not through the hands as mistakenly thought until the 20th century.<ref name="Forensics"/> |