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→Russia
==Russia==
==Russia==
Rich has been accused of looting the disintegrating [[Soviet Union]] with [[Communist Party]] officials and their associates in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Based in [[Switzerland]], instructed Communist party bosses how to skirt the law by doing secret deals through shell companies and the like. There were allegations in the Russian press and elsewhere that Rich was aiding and abetting capital flight from the country, but he was never charged.
Rich has been accused of looting the disintegrating [[Soviet Union]] with [[Communist Party]] officials and their associates in the mid 1980s and early 1990s. Based in [[Switzerland]], instructed Communist party bosses how to skirt the law by doing secret deals through shell companies and the like. There were allegations in the Russian press and elsewhere that Rich was aiding and abetting capital flight from the country, but he was never charged.
A widely read 1999 article in the foreign-policy journal ''The National Interest'', written by ex-[[CIA]] officer and [[National Security Council]] staffer Fritz W. Ermarth, noted that, as far back as 1985, the [[KGB]] was engaged in the massive transfer of assets abroad via commodities trading through front companies.
A widely read 1999 article in the foreign-policy journal ''The National Interest'', written by ex-[[CIA]] officer and [[National Security Council]] staffer Fritz W. Ermarth, noted that, as far back as 1985, the [[KGB]] was engaged in the massive transfer of assets abroad via commodities trading through front companies.
“Applying the lessons they learned from Marc Rich, they [[bankrupt]]ed Russia,” said Paul Klebnikov, author of ''Godfather of the Kremlin''. “As a result, you have a ruined [[economy]], bankrupt government, and an impoverished population.”
At the time Clinton pardoned Rich, the ''New York Post'' observed {{quotebox|"Tens of millions of Russians are suffering through the worst winter there in 50 years. They and their government are broke. There is no money to buy coal to run the power stations.
People are sick, cold and dying. They are freezing to death in the dark. One man told the [[Red Cross]] that life has turned into “a permanent struggle for survival. It’s not even life, it’s just existence.”<ref>https://nypost.com/2001/02/15/how-marc-helped-plunder-russia/</ref>}}
==Panama Papers==
==Panama Papers==