Changes

*The [[theophany]] of Job 37:2–38:2; 42:5-6 is almost identical to the theophany of Ezekiel 1:4, possibly indicating the time of the Exile 6th–5th centuries B.C. "a stormy wind came out of the north, and a great cloud, with brightness round about it", "Hearken to the thunder of his voice and the rumbling that comes from his mouth", "Out of the north comes golden splendor; God is clothed with terrible majesty" and "The L<small>ORD</small> answered Job out of the whirlwind". This is highly speculative. Similarity of phenomena demonstrates nothing about the period of time.

*The [[theophany]] of Job 37:2–38:2; 42:5-6 is almost identical to the theophany of Ezekiel 1:4, possibly indicating the time of the Exile 6th–5th centuries B.C. "a stormy wind came out of the north, and a great cloud, with brightness round about it", "Hearken to the thunder of his voice and the rumbling that comes from his mouth", "Out of the north comes golden splendor; God is clothed with terrible majesty" and "The L<small>ORD</small> answered Job out of the whirlwind". This is highly speculative. Similarity of phenomena demonstrates nothing about the period of time.

*The only historical reference is to the [http://biblehub.com/topical/s/sabeans.htm Sabeans/Sabaeans] and the Chaldeans (a word denoting the Babylonians according to Habakkuk 1:6-11, since he was not referring to the Assyrians). Job 1:13-17. Sabaean rulers are mentioned in Assyrian annals of the late 8th and early 7th centuries B.C. (although some scholars date Sabaean inscriptions to about the 6th century B.C.) <ref>[http://phoenicia.org/sabaeans.html Encyclopedia Phoenicia: Sabaeans] (phoenicia.org) <br/> [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/31568/history-of-Arabia/45967/Sabaeans Encyclopaedia Britannica: Sabaeans.]</ref>

*The only historical reference is to the [http://biblehub.com/topical/s/sabeans.htm Sabeans/Sabaeans] and the Chaldeans (a word denoting the Babylonians according to Habakkuk 1:6-11, since he was not referring to the Assyrians). Job 1:13-17. Sabaean rulers are mentioned in Assyrian annals of the late 8th and early 7th centuries B.C. (although some scholars date Sabaean inscriptions to about the 6th century B.C.) <ref>[http://phoenicia.org/sabaeans.html Encyclopedia Phoenicia: Sabaeans] (phoenicia.org) <br/> [https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/31568/history-of-Arabia/45967/Sabaeans Encyclopaedia Britannica: Sabaeans.]</ref>

*The Bible does not say that '''Job <big>אִיוב</big>''' and '''Jobab <big>יובב</big>''', the ancient ruler of Edom, are different persons, it does not say they are the same. Genesis 36:33-34. Evidence one way or the other cannot be drawn from the letter of the text of the Bible alone. "This man was the greatest of all the people of the east." Job 1:3. This indicates that Job was a powerful middle-eastern chieftain or prince over vast herds and pasturelands whom only an army would dare attack with impunity. Compare the treaty that King Abimelech and Phicol the commander of his army made with Abraham, and that later, accompanied by his royal advisor Ahuzzath and Phicol, Abimelech made with Isaac. Both Abraham and Isaac are said to have been mighty princes. Genesis 21:22-32; 23:5-6; 26:12-14. The Sabaeans who dared to attack Job were a significant power in the east only in the 7th–6th centuries B.C., around the time period of the Babylonian Captivity of the Jews.<ref name=gen>"The Bible is not completely self-interpreting. We can gain much from thorough reading of the text itself, and frequently from comparison of various passages in the Bible. Still, we often require aid from outside the Bible itself." Hyatt, ''The Heritage of Biblical Faith '', p.&nbsp;45.</ref><ref name=Holman>{{Cite book | title = Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary | publisher = Holman Bible Publishers | isbn = 978-0-8054-2836-0 | editors = General Editors: Chad Brand, Charles Draper, Archie England. Associate Editors: Steve Bond, E. Ray Clendenen. General Editor, ''Holman Bible Dictionary'': Trent C. Butler | year = ''Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary'' © 2003 by Holman Bible Publishers | location = Nashville, Tennessee}}</ref><ref name=HolmanGeneration>"Generation", Trent C. Butler, ''Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary'', pp. 634–635.</ref><ref name=BibleGenerations>The period of Job cannot reliably be drawn from a calculation of the generations in the Torah. <br/>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=genesis%2015:13-16&version=KJV Genesis 15:13-16] apparently equates 400 years with four generations.<br/>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=numbers%2032:11-13&version=KJV Numbers 32:11-13] may reckon a generation as 60 years; it included people 20 and above giving them 40 more years to die; or a generation may be interpreted as the 40 years of adulthood between ages 20 and 60.<br/>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=job%2042:16&version=KJV Job 42:16] states that after his tragedies Job lived 140 years and saw four generations, making a generation about 35 years.<br/>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2kings%2010:30&version=KJV 2 Kings 10:30] and [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2kings%2015:12&version=KJV 2 Kings 15:12] relate God's promise to Jehu that his sons would rule to the fourth generation, apparently meaning four sons: Jehu began ruling about 841 B.C., his first son Jehoahaz about 814 B.C., and in the fourth generation Zechariah of Israel died about 752 B.C.: five generations ruling less than 90 years, the four sons (four generations) ruling about 60 years, a generation averaging fewer than 20 years.<br/>The text of [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=psalms%2049:11&version=KJV Psalms 49:11] (49:12) <big>יב  קִרְבָּם בָּתֵּימוֹ, לְעוֹלָם--    מִשְׁכְּנֹתָם, לְדוֹר וָדֹר;

*The Bible does not say that '''Job <big>אִיוב</big>''' and '''Jobab <big>יובב</big>''', the ancient ruler of Edom, are different persons, it does not say they are the same. Genesis 36:33-34. Evidence one way or the other cannot be drawn from the letter of the text of the Bible alone. "This man was the greatest of all the people of the east." Job 1:3. This indicates that Job was a powerful middle-eastern chieftain or prince over vast herds and pasturelands whom only an army would dare attack with impunity. Compare the treaty that King Abimelech and Phicol the commander of his army made with Abraham, and that later, accompanied by his royal advisor Ahuzzath and Phicol, Abimelech made with Isaac. Both Abraham and Isaac are said to have been mighty princes. Genesis 21:22-32; 23:5-6; 26:12-14. The Sabaeans who dared to attack Job were a significant power in the east only in the 7th–6th centuries B.C., around the time period of the Babylonian Captivity of the Jews.<ref name=gen>"The Bible is not completely self-interpreting. We can gain much from thorough reading of the text itself, and frequently from comparison of various passages in the Bible. Still, we often require aid from outside the Bible itself." Hyatt, ''The Heritage of Biblical Faith '', p.&nbsp;45.</ref><ref name=Holman>{{Cite book | title = Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary | publisher = Holman Bible Publishers | isbn = 978-0-8054-2836-0 | editors = General Editors: Chad Brand, Charles Draper, Archie England. Associate Editors: Steve Bond, E. Ray Clendenen. General Editor, ''Holman Bible Dictionary'': Trent C. Butler | year = ''Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary'' © 2003 by Holman Bible Publishers | location = Nashville, Tennessee}}</ref><ref name=HolmanGeneration>"Generation", Trent C. Butler, ''Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary'', pp. 634–635.</ref><ref name=BibleGenerations>The period of Job cannot reliably be drawn from a calculation of the generations in the Torah. <br/>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=genesis%2015:13-16&version=KJV Genesis 15:13-16] apparently equates 400 years with four generations.<br/>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=numbers%2032:11-13&version=KJV Numbers 32:11-13] may reckon a generation as 60 years; it included people 20 and above giving them 40 more years to die; or a generation may be interpreted as the 40 years of adulthood between ages 20 and 60.<br/>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=job%2042:16&version=KJV Job 42:16] states that after his tragedies Job lived 140 years and saw four generations, making a generation about 35 years.<br/>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2kings%2010:30&version=KJV 2 Kings 10:30] and [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2kings%2015:12&version=KJV 2 Kings 15:12] relate God's promise to Jehu that his sons would rule to the fourth generation, apparently meaning four sons: Jehu began ruling about 841 B.C., his first son Jehoahaz about 814 B.C., and in the fourth generation Zechariah of Israel died about 752 B.C.: five generations ruling less than 90 years, the four sons (four generations) ruling about 60 years, a generation averaging fewer than 20 years.<br/>The text of [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=psalms%2049:11&version=KJV Psalms 49:11] (49:12) <big>יב  קִרְבָּם בָּתֵּימוֹ, לְעוֹלָם--    מִשְׁכְּנֹתָם, לְדוֹר וָדֹר;

:"'''GENERATIONS'''<br/>"'''. . .'''

:"'''GENERATIONS'''<br/>"'''. . .'''

:"Psalm 49:11 and their dwelling places to all '''g.'''......1755.

:"Psalm 49:11 and their dwelling places to all '''g.'''......1755.

::::1755. '''דור''' '''dôre,''' ''dore;'' or (shortened) '''דר''' '''dôr,''' ''dore''...<big>×</big> evermore, generation, [n-]ever, posterity."</ref> The Bible speaks of the Sabeans, but this historical fact, the most significant period of their power and influence 7th–6th centuries B.C., cannot be drawn from the letter of the text of the Bible alone. There is archaeologically and historically no evidence of the existence of the Sabaeans as a people predating the 16th century B.C., that is, not before the time of the Exodus from Egypt 1577 B.C. according to a  literalist dating of the Bible.<ref>[http://www.academia.edu/257415/THE_SABAEAN_INSCRIPTIONS_AT_ADI_KAWEH_EVIDENCE_SUPPORTING_THE_NARRATIVE_OF_THE_SHEBA-MENELIK_CYCLE_OF_THE_KEBRA_NAGAST THE SABAEAN INSCRIPTIONS AT ADI KAWEH–EVIDENCE SUPPORTING THE NARRATIVE OF THE SHEBA-MENELIK CYCLE OF THE KEBRA NAGAST] (earliest datings 1400 B.C.)</ref> (See [[Literalist Bible chronology]].)

::::1755. '''דור''' '''dôre,''' ''dore;'' or (shortened) '''דר''' '''dôr,''' ''dore''...<big>×</big> evermore, generation, [n-]ever, posterity."</ref> The Bible speaks of the Sabeans, but this historical fact, the most significant period of their power and influence 7th–6th centuries B.C., cannot be drawn from the letter of the text of the Bible alone. There is archaeologically and historically no evidence of the existence of the Sabaeans as a people predating the 16th century B.C., that is, not before the time of the Exodus from Egypt 1577 B.C. according to a  literalist dating of the Bible.<ref>[https://www.academia.edu/257415/THE_SABAEAN_INSCRIPTIONS_AT_ADI_KAWEH_EVIDENCE_SUPPORTING_THE_NARRATIVE_OF_THE_SHEBA-MENELIK_CYCLE_OF_THE_KEBRA_NAGAST THE SABAEAN INSCRIPTIONS AT ADI KAWEH–EVIDENCE SUPPORTING THE NARRATIVE OF THE SHEBA-MENELIK CYCLE OF THE KEBRA NAGAST] (earliest datings 1400 B.C.)</ref> (See [[Literalist Bible chronology]].)

*Job destroys and brings to nothing the wisdom and understanding of the men of Edom, exactly as promised in the Book of Obadiah (v.8) "on that day, says the L<small>ORD</small>". God's wrath is kindled against the visiting wise men for not speaking of God what is right, even though their counsels to Job are represented almost ''verbatim'' in the books of Psalms and Proverbs and Ecclesiastes, and later in the books of [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05263a.htm Sirach] and [[Book of Wisdom|Wisdom]]. They had abused the inspired wisdom sayings that had come from God by applying them wrongly and falsely to an innocent man, according to his outward appearance and his condition, and according to their belief that God will not allow any righteous individual to suffer so terribly. In the canon of the [[Bible#Books of the Bible|Christian Old Testament]] Job is placed first, before Psalms and Proverbs. The Jewish [[Old Testament|Tanakh]] has Psalms and Proverbs before Job, a rabbinical tradition indicating a later composition of the book after the reigns of David and Solomon.

*Job destroys and brings to nothing the wisdom and understanding of the men of Edom, exactly as promised in the Book of Obadiah (v.8) "on that day, says the L<small>ORD</small>". God's wrath is kindled against the visiting wise men for not speaking of God what is right, even though their counsels to Job are represented almost ''verbatim'' in the books of Psalms and Proverbs and Ecclesiastes, and later in the books of [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05263a.htm Sirach] and [[Book of Wisdom|Wisdom]]. They had abused the inspired wisdom sayings that had come from God by applying them wrongly and falsely to an innocent man, according to his outward appearance and his condition, and according to their belief that God will not allow any righteous individual to suffer so terribly. In the canon of the [[Bible#Books of the Bible|Christian Old Testament]] Job is placed first, before Psalms and Proverbs. The Jewish [[Old Testament|Tanakh]] has Psalms and Proverbs before Job, a rabbinical tradition indicating a later composition of the book after the reigns of David and Solomon.