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'''Samuel Freeman Miller''' (April 5, 1816 – October 13, 1890) was an [[Associate Justice]] of the [[Supreme Court of the United States]]. An [[abolitionist]], Miller was appointed by [[Abraham Lincoln]] to the Court.<ref>{{cite web|work=Oyez|title=Samuel Freeman Miller|language=English|url=http://www.oyez.org/justices/samuel_f_miller|publisher=Chicago-Kent School of Law}}</ref> He was opposed to what would become the [[incorporation doctrine]], and is also famous for writing the majority opinions in the ''Slaughter-House'' cases - which held that the new [[14th Amendment]] did not restrict state [[police powers]].<ref name="jrank">{{cite web|work=law.jrank|language=English|title=Samuel Freeman Miller|url=http://law.jrank.org/pages/8576/Miller-Samuel-Freeman.html}}</ref> He also voted against Lincoln's suppression of [[habeas corpus]] and in favor of the constitutionality of loyalty oaths for former Confederates.<ref name="jrank"/> Miller's limited view of the 14th Amendment led him to strike down state-sponsored racism, but not private racism (in the ''Civil Rights Cases'').<ref name="jrank"/>

'''Samuel Freeman Miller''' (April 5, 1816 – October 13, 1890) was an [[Associate Justice]] of the [[Supreme Court of the United States]]. An [[abolitionist]], Miller was appointed by [[Abraham Lincoln]] to the Court.<ref>{{cite web|work=Oyez|title=Samuel Freeman Miller|language=English|url=https://www.oyez.org/justices/samuel_f_miller|publisher=Chicago-Kent School of Law}}</ref> He was opposed to what would become the [[incorporation doctrine]], and is also famous for writing the majority opinions in the ''Slaughter-House'' cases - which held that the new [[14th Amendment]] did not restrict state [[police powers]].<ref name="jrank">{{cite web|work=law.jrank|language=English|title=Samuel Freeman Miller|url=http://law.jrank.org/pages/8576/Miller-Samuel-Freeman.html}}</ref> He also voted against Lincoln's suppression of [[habeas corpus]] and in favor of the constitutionality of loyalty oaths for former Confederates.<ref name="jrank"/> Miller's limited view of the 14th Amendment led him to strike down state-sponsored racism, but not private racism (in the ''Civil Rights Cases'').<ref name="jrank"/>

==References==

==References==