Changes

"Outside of the Western communist parties, which were mostly oriented solidly towards Moscow’s anti-Zionism, a fully articulated anti-Zionism appeared only in the early 1970s with the formation of the so-called New Left, which interpreted the Middle-East conflict in terms of its anti-imperialist and anti-colonialist rhetoric," reports the European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia. "As many authors have shown since, the anti-Zionism of the 1970s was largely not just ideological criticism of Israel, but a form of [http://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/184-AS-Main-report.pdf secondary anti-Semitism]. The rhetoric of these organizations, whose remnants survive into the present day, often indicates the antisemitic nature of their criticism." A 2016 study by the Research Association on the [[Socialist Unity Party of Germany|SED]] [Socialist Unity Party] State at [[Berlin]]'s Free University, financed by Germany's Federal Ministry of Family, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth, found that "there has been more left-wing violence in Germany since 2009 than right-wing violence." Researchers found extensive anti-Semitism among left-wing extremists in Germany, and said the view of anti-Jewish extremist leftism can be traced to the word [http://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/German-left-wing-radicals-say-Jews-have-too-much-influence-460773 “Jew” as a synonym for “capitalist” and “exploiter.”]

"Outside of the Western communist parties, which were mostly oriented solidly towards Moscow’s anti-Zionism, a fully articulated anti-Zionism appeared only in the early 1970s with the formation of the so-called New Left, which interpreted the Middle-East conflict in terms of its anti-imperialist and anti-colonialist rhetoric," reports the European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia. "As many authors have shown since, the anti-Zionism of the 1970s was largely not just ideological criticism of Israel, but a form of [http://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/184-AS-Main-report.pdf secondary anti-Semitism]. The rhetoric of these organizations, whose remnants survive into the present day, often indicates the antisemitic nature of their criticism." A 2016 study by the Research Association on the [[Socialist Unity Party of Germany|SED]] [Socialist Unity Party] State at [[Berlin]]'s Free University, financed by Germany's Federal Ministry of Family, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth, found that "there has been more left-wing violence in Germany since 2009 than right-wing violence." Researchers found extensive anti-Semitism among left-wing extremists in Germany, and said the view of anti-Jewish extremist leftism can be traced to the word [http://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/German-left-wing-radicals-say-Jews-have-too-much-influence-460773 “Jew” as a synonym for “capitalist” and “exploiter.”]

==21st-century anti-Semitism: the union of leftism and Islamism==

==21st-century anti-Semitism: the union of leftism and Islamism==