Changes

In June 2015, a shooter murdered nine prayer service attendees at the Emmanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina.  The shooter was convicted on 33 federal hate crimes in December 2016.<ref>http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/15/505723552/jury-finds-dylann-roof-guilty-in-s-c-church-shooting</ref>  The shooter, "a self-described white supremacist",<ref>https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2016/12/28/dylann-roof-hearing/95915094/</ref> justified the shooting as a response to alleged black-on-white killing.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/national/dylan-roof-confesses-to-church-massacre-in-2015-police-video/2016/12/10/19b12a3c-bf31-11e6-ae79-bec72d34f8c9_video.html</ref>

In June 2015, a shooter murdered nine prayer service attendees at the Emmanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina.  The shooter was convicted on 33 federal hate crimes in December 2016.<ref>http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/12/15/505723552/jury-finds-dylann-roof-guilty-in-s-c-church-shooting</ref>  The shooter, "a self-described white supremacist",<ref>https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2016/12/28/dylann-roof-hearing/95915094/</ref> justified the shooting as a response to alleged black-on-white killing.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/video/national/dylan-roof-confesses-to-church-massacre-in-2015-police-video/2016/12/10/19b12a3c-bf31-11e6-ae79-bec72d34f8c9_video.html</ref>

Three men were convicted under the Shepard-Byrd Act of committing a hate crime in August 2011 against an African-American waiting at a bus stop.<ref>https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/crt/legacy/2014/04/30/cannonopinion.pdf</ref>

Three men were convicted under the Shepard-Byrd Act of committing a hate crime in August 2011 against an African-American waiting at a bus stop.<ref>[https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/crt/legacy/2014/04/30/cannonopinion.pdf]</ref>

In 1978, [[University of Miami]] football players threw an orthodox Jewish employee of the campus Jewish ministry into Lake Osceola, a lake on the campus. The man was wearing a Jewish cap and was on his way to Friday night services.  Although no hate crime statute was enacted at the time, the national controversy lead to the resignation of the football coach.<ref name="Feldman 2004 17–18">{{cite book|last=Feldman|first=Bruce|title=Cane Mutiny: How the Miami Hurricanes Overturned the Football Establishment|publisher=[[New American Library]]|location=New York|year=2004|pages=17–18|isbn=0-451-21297-5}}</ref>

In 1978, [[University of Miami]] football players threw an orthodox Jewish employee of the campus Jewish ministry into Lake Osceola, a lake on the campus. The man was wearing a Jewish cap and was on his way to Friday night services.  Although no hate crime statute was enacted at the time, the national controversy lead to the resignation of the football coach.<ref name="Feldman 2004 17–18">{{cite book|last=Feldman|first=Bruce|title=Cane Mutiny: How the Miami Hurricanes Overturned the Football Establishment|publisher=[[New American Library]]|location=New York|year=2004|pages=17–18|isbn=0-451-21297-5}}</ref>