Changes

The theory of economic planning envisions government bureaus and planning boards mandating what goods will be produced, in what quantities, who the producers shall be,  prices of pre-finished and finished goods, wage levels and compensation of workers, regulations, conditions, etc.  Cartels, such as were established in Germany under the [[Third Reich]], would unite with foreign counterparts that would regulate the international flow of goods. The central planning agency would control the banks and the flow of all investment, deciding who will benefit and at what price.  It is essentially a centralized command and control economy, or [[totalitarian]] regime, such as was common throughout the world in the 1930s.  [[James Burnham]] referred to this as the ''Managerial Society'', or rule by the [[technocracy|'experts' and technicians]].

The theory of economic planning envisions government bureaus and planning boards mandating what goods will be produced, in what quantities, who the producers shall be,  prices of pre-finished and finished goods, wage levels and compensation of workers, regulations, conditions, etc.  Cartels, such as were established in Germany under the [[Third Reich]], would unite with foreign counterparts that would regulate the international flow of goods. The central planning agency would control the banks and the flow of all investment, deciding who will benefit and at what price.  It is essentially a centralized command and control economy, or [[totalitarian]] regime, such as was common throughout the world in the 1930s.  [[James Burnham]] referred to this as the ''Managerial Society'', or rule by the [[technocracy|'experts' and technicians]].

[[File:TugwellandRoosevelt.jpg|left|150px|thumb|Secretary Tugwell and FDR]]

[[File:TugwellandRoosevelt.jpg|left|150px|thumb|Secretary Tugwell and FDR]]

It was at this point in time that terms in the basic political lexicon of America were transformed -partly due to Tugwell's influence. The term 'liberal', which at one time was considered moderate and even mainstream, became a code word for '[[radical]]', and '[[socialism]]'.  The idea's formerly associated with 'liberalism' became [[conservative]], [[libertarian]], or [[classical liberalism]].

It was at this point in time that terms in the basic political lexicon of America were transformed - partly due to Tugwell's influence. The term 'liberal', which at one time was considered moderate and even mainstream, became a code word for '[[radical]]', and '[[socialism]]'.  The idea's formerly associated with 'liberalism' became [[conservative]], [[libertarian]], or [[classical liberalism]].

Tugwell as "the most [[left-wing]] member of Roosevelt's brain trust" was "open in his respect for Mussolini's economic policies." Of the Fascist system he wrote, "It's the cleanest, neatnest [sic], most efficiently operating piece of social machinery I've ever seen. It makes me envious." <ref>Wolfgang Schivelbusch ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=Z3GV5_n1h04C Three New Deals: Reflections on Roosevelt's America, Mussolini's Italy, and Hitler's Germany, 1933-1939]'' [Macmillan, 2006], pp. 31-32. (ISBN 080507452X)</ref>

Tugwell as "the most [[left-wing]] member of Roosevelt's brain trust" was "open in his respect for Mussolini's economic policies." Of the Fascist system he wrote, "It's the cleanest, neatnest [sic], most efficiently operating piece of social machinery I've ever seen. It makes me envious." <ref>Wolfgang Schivelbusch ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=Z3GV5_n1h04C Three New Deals: Reflections on Roosevelt's America, Mussolini's Italy, and Hitler's Germany, 1933-1939]'' [Macmillan, 2006], pp. 31-32. (ISBN 080507452X)</ref>