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'''Transubstantiation''' is the [[doctrine]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] which, since the [[Apostolic Age]], has held that during the [[consecration]] of the [[sacrificial offerings]] of bread and wine at the [[Mass]], that the bread and wine are literally changed into the body and blood of [[Christ]]. The use of the term ''transubstantiation'' to describe this sacred mystery dates from the 11th century, when it was used by Hildebert de Lavardin, Archbishop of Tours;<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=u-4Z9zBMQwsC&pg=PA37&dq=transubstantiation+Hildebert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=x8rNUe-_FY_Y7Aayk4EQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transubstantiation%20Hildebert&f=false John Cuthbert Hedley, ''Holy Eucharist'' (Kessinger 2003 ISBN 978-0-76617494-8), p. 37]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iN2NgXRAXnkC&pg=PA134&dq=transubstantiation+Hildebert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=x8rNUe-_FY_Y7Aayk4EQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transubstantiation%20Hildebert&f=false John N. King, ''Milton and Religious Controversy'' (Cambridge University Press 2000 ISBN 978-0-52177198-6), p. 134]</ref> it was in common use by the 12th century.<ref name="ODCC">Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005 ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3), article ''Transubstantiation''</ref> The doctrine of transubstantiation holds that while the outward, sensible characteristics (called the ''accidents'') of the bread and wine remain, the reality (called the ''substance'') is transformed into that of Christ.  It should be noted also that Christ's body and soul are united in Heaven and cannot be separated, so that not only the body and blood, but the soul and divinity—the whole of Christ—are believed to be made present under the ''species'' of bread and wine.

'''Transubstantiation''' is the [[doctrine]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] which, since the [[Apostolic Age]], has held that during the [[consecration]] of the [[sacrificial offerings]] of bread and wine at the [[Mass]], that the bread and wine are literally changed into the body and blood of [[Christ]]. The use of the term ''transubstantiation'' to describe this sacred mystery dates from the 11th century, when it was used by Hildebert de Lavardin, Archbishop of Tours;<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=u-4Z9zBMQwsC&pg=PA37&dq=transubstantiation+Hildebert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=x8rNUe-_FY_Y7Aayk4EQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transubstantiation%20Hildebert&f=false John Cuthbert Hedley, ''Holy Eucharist'' (Kessinger 2003 ISBN 978-0-76617494-8), p. 37]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=iN2NgXRAXnkC&pg=PA134&dq=transubstantiation+Hildebert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=x8rNUe-_FY_Y7Aayk4EQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transubstantiation%20Hildebert&f=false John N. King, ''Milton and Religious Controversy'' (Cambridge University Press 2000 ISBN 978-0-52177198-6), p. 134]</ref> it was in common use by the 12th century.<ref name="ODCC">Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005 ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3), article ''Transubstantiation''</ref> The doctrine of transubstantiation holds that while the outward, sensible characteristics (called the ''accidents'') of the bread and wine remain, the reality (called the ''substance'') is transformed into that of Christ.  It should be noted also that Christ's body and soul are united in Heaven and cannot be separated, so that not only the body and blood, but the soul and divinity—the whole of Christ—are believed to be made present under the ''species'' of bread and wine.

This is a view that contrasts with the beliefs of the Protestant churches. Most of the Reformers during the [[Protestant Reformation]] taught one version or another of the "Real Presence" in the Eucharist, instead of a purely symbolic view. In the Lutheran, Reformed, Presbyterian, and Anglican churches, the doctrine of the Real Presence is affirmed, but not the additional doctrine called Transubstantiation.  

This is a view that contrasts with the beliefs of the Protestant churches. Most of the Reformers during the [[Protestant Reformation]] taught one version or another of the "Real Presence" in the Eucharist, instead of a purely symbolic view. In the Lutheran, Reformed, Presbyterian, and Anglican churches, the doctrine of the Real Presence is affirmed, but not the additional doctrine called Transubstantiation. In other words, those churches accept that Christ's body and blood are truly present in the [[Eucharist]] or Lord's Supper, but not that the bread and wine consumed by the minister and the congregation alike have ceased to be bread and wine.

 

In other words, those churches accept that Christ's body and blood are truly present in the [[Eucharist]] or Lord's Supper, but not that the bread and wine consumed by the minister and the congregation alike have ceased to be bread and wine.

For other Protestants (mostly Evangelical, Fundamentalist, and Pentecostal) who also celebrate Christ's [[Last Supper]], the belief is that the wine and bread merely symbolize or represent the body and blood of Jesus.

For other Protestants (mostly Evangelical, Fundamentalist, and Pentecostal) who also celebrate Christ's [[Last Supper]], the belief is that the wine and bread merely symbolize or represent the body and blood of Jesus.