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→History and evolution
These public hearings required more volume, so the private orchestra was doubled in size from a standard of 22 performers to 44 by [[Beethoven]]'s time, when the demands of the [[French Revolution]] required more access by the public to the privileges heretofore only accorded to the [[monarchy]].
These public hearings required more volume, so the private orchestra was doubled in size from a standard of 22 performers to 44 by [[Beethoven]]'s time, when the demands of the [[French Revolution]] required more access by the public to the privileges heretofore only accorded to the [[monarchy]].
By Wagner's time, Wagner again doubled the size of the orchestra from 44 to 88 or 90 for dramatic effect; it also had an economic effect of creating jobs in cities and towns throughout [[Europe]], and generated a sense of community in the theater among both performers and audience. The Wagnerian orchestra of 90 performers is the modern standard of orchestras.
What modern audiences fail to comprehend sometimes is, a performance of [[Mozart]] or Beethoven today is "[[Wagner]]ized," and doesn't sound the same way pre-Wagnerian composers heard it.
==The Instruments of the Orchestra==
==The Instruments of the Orchestra==