Changes
/* Lesbianism and obesity */
[[File:Stephen-Fry11834504 3cc3c49559.jpg|thumbnail|275px180px|right|thumbnail|In April 2007, the ''American Journal of Public Health'' analyzed data from 2002 National Survey of Family Growth and the data suggested that [[Stephen FryUnited States|American]] is a [[homosexuallesbianism|lesbian]] women were 2.69 times more likely to be overweight and an 2.47 times more likely to be obese than all other female sexual orientation groups.<ref name="ajph">[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17463369&ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum Overweight and Obesity in Sexual-Minority Women: Evidence From Population-Based Data, Ulrike Boehmer, Deborah J. Bowen, Greta R. Bauer, American Journal of Public Health, 2007 Jun;97(6):1134-40. E pub 2007 Apr 26.]</ref> See: [atheist[Lesbianism and obesity]]]]In terms of gender, sexual orientation and obesity, the 2010 journal article ''Weight Status and Sexual Orientation: Differences by Age and Within Racial and Ethnic Subgroups'' which has published in the journal ''The American Journal of Public Health'' indicates:{{Cquote|Research has also linked obesity to sexual orientation.Compared with heterosexual men, gay and bisexual men have a lower body mass index (BMI; defined as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) and decreased odds of being overweight or obese. For women, the relationship between sexual orientation and weight is inverse: studies have consistently concluded that [[Lesbianism and obesity|lesbian women have an increased likelihood of overweight]]and obesity compared with heterosexual women. Some evidence suggests that the weight disparity between sexual orientation groups may begin at an early age. In a group of predominantly White adolescents, sexual minority females had consistently increased BMI throughout adolescence compared with heterosexual females, whereas sexual minority males had decreased BMI in late adolescence compared with heterosexual males. Moreover, data from the Nurses’ Health Study II, a predominantly White cohort, showed that lesbian and bisexual women had significantly greater prevalence of overweight or obesity at age 18 years14 and had an adverse weight gain trajectory from ages 25 to 59 years21 compared with heterosexual women in this cohort.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3910028/ ''Weight Status and Sexual Orientation: Differences by Age and Within Racial and Ethnic Subgroups''], Nicholas P. Deputy, MPH and Ulrike Boehmer, PhD corresponding author, Am J Public Health. 2014 January; 104(1): 103–109. Published online 2014 January. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301391</ref>}} The abstract for the 2010 journal article ''Weight Status and Sexual Orientation: Differences by Age and Within Racial and Ethnic Subgroups'' declares:{{Cquote|Compared with heterosexual women of the same race/ethnicity, White and African American lesbians and bisexuals had increased likelihood of being overweight at age 18 years and maintaining overweight status during adulthood. Sexual minority status was unrelated to weight among Latinas and inconsistently linked to weight among Asian women compared with heterosexual women of the same race/ethnicity. Sexual minority status was protective against unhealthy weight among White, African American, Asian, and Latino men compared with heterosexual counterparts of the same race/ethnicity. This protective effect was seen after age 18 years except among African American bisexual men.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3910028/ ''Weight Status and Sexual Orientation: Differences by Age and Within Racial and Ethnic Subgroups''], Nicholas P. Deputy, MPH and Ulrike Boehmer, PhD corresponding author, Am J Public Health. 2014 January; 104(1): 103–109. Published online 2014 January. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301391</ref>}}
The abstract for the 2010 journal article ''Revisiting obesity and condom use in men who have sex with men'' published in the journal ''Academy of Sex Research'' indicates:
{{Cquote|The incidence of both eating disorders and sexually transmitted diseases (STD) is relatively high among men who have sex with men (MSM). Yet, only one study has explored the influence of body mass index (BMI) on sexual risk-taking behaviors in this population. The objective of this study was to reexamine the practice of anal intercourse among overweight and obese MSM and to assess the consistency with which condoms were used. MSM who had placed same-sex sexual advertisements were asked to complete a brief online survey. A total of 576 MSM completed the survey, which assessed: age, HIV-status, height, weight, rejection of sexual partners, number of anal intercourse partners, and condom use during anal intercourse. Increased BMI was associated with a lowered likelihood of rejecting sexual partners and decreased number of actual anal intercourse partners. Increased BMI was also associated with decreased condom use. In addition to cardiovascular disease, obese MSM may be at a higher risk for STDs relative to normal weight MSM. There was some evidence to suggest that inconsistent condom use in such men may be an expression of the overexcitement concomitant with the comparatively rare event of acquiring an anal intercourse partner.<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19234778 ''Revisiting obesity and condom use in men who have sex with men''], [Moskowitz DA1, Seal DW., Arch Sex Behav. 2010 Jun;39(3):761-5. doi: 10.1007/s10508-009-9478-6. Epub 2009 Feb 21.</ref>}}
''See also:'' [[Lesbianism and obesity]]
[[File:11834504 3cc3c49559Zero scale.jpg|180px|right|thumbnail|In 2009, the ''PubMed'' article abstract for the Polish psychiatry journal ''Psychiatria Polska'' article ''Body Image in [[Homosexual]] Persons'' declared: "Homosexual women are less concentrated on physical appearance and more satisfied with their bodies while being more tolerant to obesity.... For lesbian women the ideal body image is more massive than for heterosexual women."<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19694404?itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum&ordinalpos=1</ref>]] In April of 2007, the ''American Journal of Public Health'' analyzed data from 2002 National Survey of Family Growth and the data suggested that [[United States|American]] [[lesbianism|lesbian]] women were 2.69 times more likely to be overweight and 2.47 times more likely to be obese than all other female sexual orientation groups.<ref name="ajph">[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17463369&ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum Overweight and Obesity in Sexual-Minority Women: Evidence From Population-Based Data, Ulrike Boehmer, Deborah J. Bowen, Greta R. Bauer, American Journal of Public Health, 2007 Jun;97(6):1134-40. E pub 2007 Apr 26.]</ref><br /><br /><small>(photo obtained from [http://www.flickr.com/photos/wader/11834504/ Flickr], see [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/deed.en license agreement])</small> ]]
Concerning [[lesbianism and obesity]], in 2013 the [[National Institutes of Health]] (NIH) reported that 75% of American [[lesbianism|lesbians]] are [[obese]].<ref>[http://cnsnews.com/news/article/feds-spend-15-million-study-why-lesbians-are-fat Feds Spend $1.5 Million to Study Why Lesbians Are Fat - CNS News]</ref> In addition, in April of 2007, the'' American Journal of Public Health'' analyzed data from 2002 National Survey of Family Growth and the data suggested that [[United States|American]] [[lesbianism|lesbian]] women were 2.69 times more likely to be overweight and 2.47 times more likely to be obese than all other female sexual orientation groups.
<ref name="ajph">[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17463369&ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum Overweight and Obesity in Sexual-Minority Women: Evidence From Population-Based Data, Ulrike Boehmer, Deborah J. Bowen, Greta R. Bauer, American Journal of Public Health, 2007 Jun;97(6):1134-40. E pub 2007 Apr 26.]</ref> The abstract for this study indicated that "lesbians are at greater risk for morbidity and mortality linked to overweight and obesity." <ref name="ajph" />
Withing the male homosexuality community, there is a subculture of overweight/obese homosexuals which is called the chubby culture (an overweight male homosexual within this subculture is called a "chub").<ref>http://www.chacha.com/question/what-is-a-chub</ref>
== Physical and mental health related problems associated with obesity ==
*[[Homosexuality and health]]
*[[Gluttony]]
*[[Obesity]]