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'''Hugo LaFayette Black''' (February 27, 1886 – September 25, 1971) was an Associate Justice of the [[Supreme Court of the United States]]. Appointed by [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], he served from August 19, 1937 – September 17, 1971.
'''Hugo LaFayette Black''' (February 27, 1886 – September 25, 1971) was an Associate Justice of the [[Supreme Court of the United States]]. Appointed by [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], he served from August 19, 1937 – September 17, 1971.
He had previously served as a [[Democrat]] in the [[U.S. Senate]] from 1926-1937, representing the State of [[Alabama]]. Before his political career he was a member of the [[Ku Klux Klan]] in the 1920s. In 1921 Black successfully defended E. R. Stephenson in his trial for the murder of a [[Catholic]] [[priest]], Fr. James E. Coyle.
He had previously served as a [[Democrat]] in the [[U.S. Senate]] from 1926-1937, representing the State of [[Alabama]]. Black built his winning Senate campaign around multiple appearances at KKK meetings. Before his political career he was a member of the [[Ku Klux Klan]] in the 1920s. In 1921 Black successfully defended E. R. Stephenson in his trial for the murder of a [[Catholic]] [[priest]], Fr. James E. Coyle.
As a [[Supreme Court]] Justice, Black was completely opposed to:
As a [[Supreme Court]] Justice, Black was completely opposed to:
Justice Black was the leading proponent of [[incorporation doctrine]], and often insisted on a literalist interpretation of the [[Bill of Rights]], and he dissented from ''[[Griswold v. Connecticut]]''.
Justice Black was the leading proponent of [[incorporation doctrine]], and often insisted on a literalist interpretation of the [[Bill of Rights]], and he dissented from ''[[Griswold v. Connecticut]]''.
Black was well known for his anti-Catholic viewpoints,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=WX2LcraS1EgC&pg=PA219 The Oxford Handbook of Church and State in the United States]</ref> and was profoundly influenced by the writings of [[Paul Blanshard]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=orksGKX8a64C&pg=PA521 Hugo Black: A Biography]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=e4YUCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA225 Thomas Jefferson and the Wall of Separation Between Church and State]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=86628a9v-moC&pg=PA224 Witnessing Their Faith: Religious Influence on Supreme Court Justices and Their Opinions]</ref>
Black was well known for his anti-Catholic viewpoints,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=WX2LcraS1EgC&pg=PA219 The Oxford Handbook of Church and State in the United States]</ref> and was profoundly influenced by the writings of [[Paul Blanshard]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=orksGKX8a64C&pg=PA521 Hugo Black: A Biography]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=e4YUCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA225 Thomas Jefferson and the Wall of Separation Between Church and State]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=86628a9v-moC&pg=PA224 Witnessing Their Faith: Religious Influence on Supreme Court Justices and Their Opinions]</ref> In ''Korematsu v. the United States'', Black voted to uphold [[President Roosevelt]]'s mass arrests and incarceration of [[Japanese]] men, women, and children based on [[race]].
==References==
==References==