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The '''sexual revolution''' of the 1950s and 1960s was based on the ideas of three men: [[Sigmund Freud]], [[Alfred Kinsey]], and [[Hugh Hefner]].

The '''sexual revolution''' of the 1960s and 1970s was based on the ideas of three men: [[Sigmund Freud]], [[Alfred Kinsey]], and [[Hugh Hefner]].

Freud claimed that sexual desire could not be controlled or channeled without causing harm to one's psyche. In his model of [[mental illness]], [[repression]] would lead to [[neurosis]], because of the dictates of the [[unconscious mind]].{{fact}}

Freud claimed that sexual desire could not be controlled or channeled without causing harm to one's psyche. In his model of [[mental illness]], [[repression]] would lead to [[neurosis]], because of the dictates of the [[unconscious mind]].{{fact}}

Kinsy's work was the first to investigate sex from a scientific perspective, in violation of the taboos of the time. Much of Kinsey's research was highly controversial, turning the tools of statistics and anonymous surveys towards studying the sexual activities of large populations in ways that revealed 'unacceptable' sexual practices to be far more widespread than previously believed.

Kinsey's work was the first to investigate sex from a scientific perspective, in violation of the taboos of the time. Much of Kinsey's research was highly controversial, turning the tools of statistics and anonymous surveys towards studying the sexual activities of large populations in ways that revealed 'unacceptable' sexual practices to be far more widespread than previously believed.

Most famously, Kinsey claimed that 10% of American men had some [[homosexual]] tendencies. This statistic is often incorrectly cited as '10% of American men are homosexual,' but includes not just homosexual men but also bisexuals, and heterosexual men who have recurring homosexual attractions, thoughts or fantasies even if these are not acted upon.

Most famously, Kinsey claimed that 10% of American men had some [[homosexual]] tendencies. This statistic is often incorrectly cited as '10% of American men are homosexual,' but includes not just homosexual men but also bisexuals, and heterosexual men who have recurring homosexual attractions, thoughts or fantasies even if these are not acted upon.

Prior to this seperation, all sexual relationships held some possibility of children, even if unintentional. This strongly discouraged sex before or outside of marriage. After the widespread availability of contraception, premarital sex became increasingly socially acceptable as it no longer posed so high a risk of creating children without a married family to raise them. Thus the sexual revolution was characterised by 'casual' sex, often early in a relationship, and a high occurance of promiscuity.

Prior to this seperation, all sexual relationships held some possibility of children, even if unintentional. This strongly discouraged sex before or outside of marriage. After the widespread availability of contraception, premarital sex became increasingly socially acceptable as it no longer posed so high a risk of creating children without a married family to raise them. Thus the sexual revolution was characterised by 'casual' sex, often early in a relationship, and a high occurance of promiscuity.

In response to the social consequences of the split between sex and reproduction, the Catholic Church forbid the use of all forms of contraception by its members in 1968<ref>http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_25071968_humanae-vitae_en.html</ref>. This instruction is widely ignored by Catholics. Protestant churches instead choose to focus on re-emphesising the importance of marriage, abstinance and monogamy and on surpressing any public mention of contraception. The ultimate result of this approach was the modern [[abstinance-only]] sex education movement.

In response to the social consequences of the split between sex and reproduction, the Catholic Church forbade the use of all forms of contraception by its members in 1968<ref>http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_25071968_humanae-vitae_en.html</ref>. This instruction is widely ignored by Catholics. Protestant churches instead choose to focus on re-emphasising the importance of marriage, abstinence and monogamy and on suppressing any public mention of contraception. The ultimate result of this approach was the modern [[abstinence-only]] sex education movement.

With pregnency now an avoidable risk, [[sexually transmitted disease]]s came to be the princible disincentive towards promiscuity. Herpes and the [[AIDS epidemic]] raised the public awareness of the risks of STIs.

With pregnancy now an avoidable risk, [[sexually transmitted disease]]s came to be the principal disincentive towards promiscuity. Herpes and the [[AIDS epidemic]] raised the public awareness of the risks of STIs.

==References==

==References==

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