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The Italian Social Republic was the name of the second Fascist government in Italy between 1943 and 1945. After the allied invasion of Italy in 1943 the King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel III, ordered the dictator Mussolini to be removed from office and arrested. He was later rescued from his mountain prison by German commandos and set up a new fascist government based in Salo, Italy until the end of the war. While the Italian government in Rome was nominally on the side of the allies for the remainder of the war, the Salo based Italian Social Republic remained allied with and heavily sponsored by Germany. <ref>https://www.historyanswers.co.uk/history-of-war/the-italian-social-republic/</ref>