Changes

When Mossadegh received word, he began mass arrests. Two days of chaos ensued. Rioters smashed statues of the Shah and his fahter and screamed, "Death to the Shah!"  With assurances from the CIA, the Iranian Army turned against the officers Mossadegh installed, and drove rioters off the streets.  On August 19, Mossadegh turned himself over to the Shah's forces and was jailed along with Tudeh leaders.  In December he was sentenced to three years in solitary confinement.  The Iranian economy and living standards of the people gradually recoverd as oil exports regained a market share which had been decimated during the previous two years.  The Shah expressed his understaing of the importance of Iran's position in the region, and the world, as a bulwark against Soviet expansionism.

When Mossadegh received word, he began mass arrests. Two days of chaos ensued. Rioters smashed statues of the Shah and his fahter and screamed, "Death to the Shah!"  With assurances from the CIA, the Iranian Army turned against the officers Mossadegh installed, and drove rioters off the streets.  On August 19, Mossadegh turned himself over to the Shah's forces and was jailed along with Tudeh leaders.  In December he was sentenced to three years in solitary confinement.  The Iranian economy and living standards of the people gradually recoverd as oil exports regained a market share which had been decimated during the previous two years.  The Shah expressed his understaing of the importance of Iran's position in the region, and the world, as a bulwark against Soviet expansionism.

===1979-2001===

===1979-1981===

[[Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini]] emerged as an active critic of the Shah's increasingly autocratic government.  Khomeini was imprisoned and later exiled, but popular anti-government sentiment continued to spread.  

[[Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini]] emerged as an active critic of the Shah's increasingly autocratic government.  Khomeini was imprisoned and later exiled, but popular anti-government sentiment continued to spread.  

Khomeini returned from exile in [[France]] to Teheran on 31 January 1979. On 11 February the Shah fled, and mobs armed with machine guns attacked the U.S. embassy. Iran’s armed forces did not respond. On 3 November 1979, the American embassy was stormed again, and 66 U.S. personnel were taken prisoner. Thirteen were released in a few days, but the remainder stayed captive in Iran until 30 minutes after Jimmy Carter had turned the White House over to Ronald Reagan at noon on 21 January 1981. <ref>Grinter, Dr. Lawrence E. [http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1983/jan-feb/grinter.html ''Avoiding the Burden: The Carter Doctrine in Perspective''] Vol. XXXIV, No. 2 (January-February 1983): 73-82. </ref>

Khomeini returned from exile in [[France]] to Teheran on 31 January 1979. On 11 February the Shah fled, and mobs armed with machine guns attacked the U.S. embassy. Iran’s armed forces did not respond. On 3 November 1979, the American embassy was stormed again, and 66 U.S. personnel were taken prisoner. Thirteen were released in a few days, but the remainder stayed captive in Iran until 30 minutes after Jimmy Carter had turned the White House over to Ronald Reagan at noon on 21 January 1981. <ref>Grinter, Dr. Lawrence E. [http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1983/jan-feb/grinter.html ''Avoiding the Burden: The Carter Doctrine in Perspective''] Vol. XXXIV, No. 2 (January-February 1983): 73-82. </ref>

In 1984 the Reagan administration as part of its policy of [[Containment]], and in seeking to secure an ally for [[Israel]], sought to repair the breach that occurred with a longtime ally in 1980.  [[Oliver North]] of the National Security Council staff was dipatched to Teheran with a proposal to reconcile the United States and Israels differences with the Shia Islamic regime.  The proposal entailed sales of Tow missiles to help Iran break the deadlock in the trench war with Iraq.  The United States and its allies feared a militarized Iraq could pose a threat to the region, Kuwait, Saudia Arabia, and Israel, if Iraq emerged from the war as victor.

In 1984 the Reagan administration as part of its policy of [[Containment]], and in seeking to secure an ally for [[Israel]], sought to repair the breach that occurred with a longtime ally in 1980.  [[Oliver North]] of the National Security Council staff was dipatched to Teheran with a proposal to reconcile the United States and Israels differences with the Shia Islamic regime.  The proposal entailed sales of Tow missiles to help Iran break the deadlock in the trench war with Iraq.  The United States and its allies feared a militarized Iraq could pose a threat to the region, Kuwait, Saudia Arabia, and Israel, if Iraq emerged from the war as victor.