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The '''Bosnian War''' (1 April 1992 – 14 December 1995) was an armed conflict fought in newly-independent [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] between three parties: the [[Bosniaks]] (Bosnian Muslims), the Bosnian [[Croats]] (Catholics) and Bosnian [[Serbs]] (Orthodox Christians). The war began when Serbia rejected the Bosnian-Herzegovinian declaration of independence from [[Yugoslavia]] by the Muslim-led government of President [[Alija Izetbegovic]]. Serbia intervened to support the Serbs living in Bosnia.

The '''Bosnian War''' (1 April 1992 – 14 December 1995) was an armed conflict fought in newly-independent [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] between three parties: the [[Bosniaks]] (Bosnian Muslims), the Bosnian [[Croats]] (Catholics) and Bosnian [[Serbs]] (Orthodox Christians). The war began when Serbia rejected the Bosnian-Herzegovinian declaration of independence from [[Yugoslavia]] by the Muslim-led government of President [[Alija Izetbegovic]]. Serbia intervened to support the Serbs living in Bosnia.

It has been called "the first surrogate war of the post-Cold War era", with Russia backing the Serbs, the Arab world assisting the Muslims and the United States and Europe assisting the Muslim-Croat federation.<ref>Cohen, Roger. (April 16, 1995) "Out of the Mud, Into the Morass". New York: ''The New York Times''.</ref> Contrary to the "conventional wisdom" that the modern notion of armed "[[Jihad#Modern jihad|jihad]]" grew out of the [[Soviet-Afghan War]], some analysts now point to the Bosnian war as the "cradle of modern jihadism".<ref name="Urban">Urban, Mark. (July 2, 2015) "[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-33345618 Bosnia: The cradle of modern jihadism?]" London: ''BBC News''. Retrieved August 31, 2017.</ref> By 2015, Bosnia-Herzegovina had "more men fighting [for Islamic State] in Syria and Iraq, as a proportion of its population, than most in Europe."<ref name=Urban/><ref>Bardos, Gordon N. (2014) "[http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/article/jihad-balkans-next-generation Jihad in the Balkans: The Next Generation]". Washington, DC: ''World Affairs''. Retrieved August 31, 2017.</ref>

It has been called "the first surrogate war of the post-Cold War era", with Russia backing the Serbs, the Arab world assisting the Muslims and the United States and Europe assisting the Muslim-Croat federation.<ref>Cohen, Roger. (April 16, 1995) "Out of the Mud, Into the Morass". New York: ''The New York Times''.</ref> Contrary to the "conventional wisdom" that the modern notion of armed "[[Jihad#Modern jihad|jihad]]" grew out of the [[Soviet-Afghan War]], some analysts now point to the Bosnian war as the "cradle of modern jihadism".<ref name="Urban">Urban, Mark. (July 2, 2015) "[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-33345618 Bosnia: The cradle of modern jihadism?]" London: ''BBC News''. Retrieved August 31, 2017.</ref> By 2015, Bosnia-Herzegovina had "more men fighting [for Islamic State] in Syria and Iraq, as a proportion of its population, than most in Europe."<ref name=Urban/><ref>Bardos, Gordon N. (2014) "[http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/article/jihad-balkans-next-generation Jihad in the Balkans: The Next Generation]". Washington, DC: ''World Affairs''. Retrieved August 31, 2017.</ref>

==War==

==War==

The war was characterized by unclear battle lines, ethnic tension, and the mass killing of civilians. The [[Srebrenica massacre]], the largest massacre in Europe since [[World War II]], resulted in the death of over 8,000 Bosnian [[Muslim]]s at the hands of the Army of [[Republika Srpska]], and has been identified as [[genocide]] by the [[International Court of Justice]].<ref>[http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/bosnia.htm Srebrenica massacre]</ref> All parties in the conflict engaged in vicious human rights violations.  Serbs hate the Bosnian Muslims, saying that Bosnian leader Alija Izetbegovic represents the opening wedge of an Islamic fundamentalist power grab. The [[Srebrenica massacre]] was the slaughter of some over 2,000 [[Bosnia]]n [[Muslims]] (Bosniaks) by guerrilla forces of the Army of [[Republika Srpska]] (ethnic Serbs), led by Ratko Mladić. <ref>http://www.wnd.com/2007/05/41373/</ref><ref>https://www.chroniclesmagazine.org/srebrenica-and-the-power-of-reason/</ref><ref>https://www.chroniclesmagazine.org/srebrenica-as-holocaust-trifkovic-the-genocide-denier/</ref><ref>http://serbianna.com/analysis/archives/592</ref>

The war was characterized by unclear battle lines, ethnic tension, and the mass killing of civilians. The [[Srebrenica massacre]], the largest massacre in Europe since [[World War II]], resulted in the death of over 8,000 Bosnian [[Muslim]]s at the hands of the Army of [[Republika Srpska]], and has been identified as [[genocide]] by the [[International Court of Justice]].<ref>[http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/bosnia.htm Srebrenica massacre]</ref> All parties in the conflict engaged in vicious human rights violations.  Serbs hate the Bosnian Muslims, saying that Bosnian leader Alija Izetbegovic represents the opening wedge of an Islamic fundamentalist power grab. The [[Srebrenica massacre]] was the slaughter of some over 2,000 [[Bosnia]]n [[Muslims]] (Bosniaks) by guerrilla forces of the Army of [[Republika Srpska]] (ethnic Serbs), led by Ratko Mladić. <ref>https://www.wnd.com/2007/05/41373/</ref><ref>https://www.chroniclesmagazine.org/srebrenica-and-the-power-of-reason/</ref><ref>https://www.chroniclesmagazine.org/srebrenica-as-holocaust-trifkovic-the-genocide-denier/</ref><ref>http://serbianna.com/analysis/archives/592</ref>

==Sarajevo==

==Sarajevo==