Changes

[[Atheism]], as defined by the ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', the ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', and other [[philosophy]] reference works, is the denial of the existence of [[God]] (See also: [[Definition of atheism]]).<ref>Multiple references:

[[Atheism]], as defined by the ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', the ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', and other [[philosophy]] reference works, is the denial of the existence of [[God]] (See also: [[Definition of atheism]]).<ref>Multiple references:

*Smart, J. J. C. (August 8, 2011). [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/atheism-agnosticism "Atheism and agnosticism"]. ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' (Spring 2013 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.).  

*Smart, J. J. C. (August 8, 2011). [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/atheism-agnosticism "Atheism and agnosticism"]. ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' (Spring 2013 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.).  

*Sarfati, Jonathan, Ph.D. (23 June 2007). [http://creation.com/atheism-is-more-rational "Atheism is more rational?"].  See [[Creation Ministries International]], [[Jonathan Sarfati]].

*Sarfati, Jonathan, Ph.D. (23 June 2007). [https://creation.com/atheism-is-more-rational "Atheism is more rational?"].  See [[Creation Ministries International]], [[Jonathan Sarfati]].

*Day, Donn R. (2007). [http://www.thedivineconspiracy.org/athart3.htm "Atheism - etymology"].

*Day, Donn R. (2007). [http://www.thedivineconspiracy.org/athart3.htm "Atheism - etymology"].

*[http://www.reasonablefaith.org/definition-of-atheism Definition of atheism] by [[William Lane Craig]]

*[http://www.reasonablefaith.org/definition-of-atheism Definition of atheism] by [[William Lane Craig]]

</ref>   

</ref>   

[[File:Stephen Hawking picture.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left|The atheist [[Stephen Hawking]] supports the [[multiverse hypothesis]] despite the fact that the universe exhibits a significant amount of fine-tuning.<ref>Universe or Multiverse. p. 19. ISBN 9780521848411. "Some physicists would prefer to believe that string theory, or M-theory, will answer these questions and uniquely predict the features of the Universe. Others adopt the view that the initial state of the Universe is prescribed by an outside agency, code-named God, or that there are many universes, with ours being picked out by the anthropic principle. Hawking argues that string theory is unlikely to predict the distinctive features of the Universe. But neither is he is an advocate of God. He therefore opts for the last approach, favouring the type of multiverse which arises naturally within the context of his own work in quantum cosmology."</ref>  See also: [[Anthropic principle]] ]]

[[File:Stephen Hawking picture.jpg|thumbnail|200px|left|The atheist [[Stephen Hawking]] supports the [[multiverse hypothesis]] despite the fact that the universe exhibits a significant amount of fine-tuning.<ref>Universe or Multiverse. p. 19. ISBN 9780521848411. "Some physicists would prefer to believe that string theory, or M-theory, will answer these questions and uniquely predict the features of the Universe. Others adopt the view that the initial state of the Universe is prescribed by an outside agency, code-named God, or that there are many universes, with ours being picked out by the anthropic principle. Hawking argues that string theory is unlikely to predict the distinctive features of the Universe. But neither is he is an advocate of God. He therefore opts for the last approach, favouring the type of multiverse which arises naturally within the context of his own work in quantum cosmology."</ref>  See also: [[Anthropic principle]] ]]

[[Inductive reasoning]] does not lead to atheism as there is no proof and evidence that God does not exist (see also: [[Attempts to dilute the definition of atheism]]). On the other hand, even in atheistic [[Japan]], researchers found that Japanese children see the world [[Intelligent design|as designed]].<ref>[http://creation.com/children-see-the-world-as-designed Children see the world as designed]</ref>

[[Inductive reasoning]] does not lead to atheism as there is no proof and evidence that God does not exist (see also: [[Attempts to dilute the definition of atheism]]). On the other hand, even in atheistic [[Japan]], researchers found that Japanese children see the world [[Intelligent design|as designed]].<ref>[https://creation.com/children-see-the-world-as-designed Children see the world as designed]</ref>

The physicist Stephen Barr points out, “How ironic that, having renounced belief in God because God is not material or observable by sense or instrument, the atheist may be driven to postulate not one but an infinitude of unobservables in the material world itself.” See also: [[Multiverse hypothesis|Multiverse]] and [[Dark matter]] and [[Dark energy]]

The physicist Stephen Barr points out, “How ironic that, having renounced belief in God because God is not material or observable by sense or instrument, the atheist may be driven to postulate not one but an infinitude of unobservables in the material world itself.” See also: [[Multiverse hypothesis|Multiverse]] and [[Dark matter]] and [[Dark energy]]

*[http://www.rzim.eu/the-scandanavian-sceptic-or-why-atheism-is-a-belief-system The Scandanavian Sceptic (or Why Atheism Is a Belief System)] by [[Ravi Zacharias|Ravi Zacharias International Ministries]]

*[http://www.rzim.eu/the-scandanavian-sceptic-or-why-atheism-is-a-belief-system The Scandanavian Sceptic (or Why Atheism Is a Belief System)] by [[Ravi Zacharias|Ravi Zacharias International Ministries]]

</ref>  Since [[World War II]] a majority of the most prominent and vocal defenders of the evolutionary position which employs [[methodological naturalism]] have been [[Atheism|atheists]] and [[agnosticism|agnostics]].<ref>

</ref>  Since [[World War II]] a majority of the most prominent and vocal defenders of the evolutionary position which employs [[methodological naturalism]] have been [[Atheism|atheists]] and [[agnosticism|agnostics]].<ref>

* Dr. Don Batten, [http://creation.com/a-whos-who-of-evolutionists A ''Who’s Who'' of evolutionists] ''Creation'' 20(1):32, December 1997.

* Dr. Don Batten, [https://creation.com/a-whos-who-of-evolutionists A ''Who’s Who'' of evolutionists] ''Creation'' 20(1):32, December 1997.

* [[Jonathan Sarfati]], Ph.D.,F.M., [http://www.creation.com/content/view/3830 ''Refuting Evolution'', Chapter 1, Facts and Bias]

* [[Jonathan Sarfati]], Ph.D.,F.M., [http://www.creation.com/content/view/3830 ''Refuting Evolution'', Chapter 1, Facts and Bias]

</ref>

</ref>

In 2012, the science news website Livescience.com published an article entitled ''Belief in Evolution Boils Down to a Gut Feeling'' which indicated that research suggests that gut feelings trumps facts when it comes to evolutionists believing in evolution.<ref>[http://www.livescience.com/18051-belief-evolution-gut-feeling.html Belief in Evolution Boils Down to a Gut Feeling] by Live Science Staff, January 20, 2012 04:31pm ET</ref>  

In 2012, the science news website Livescience.com published an article entitled ''Belief in Evolution Boils Down to a Gut Feeling'' which indicated that research suggests that gut feelings trumps facts when it comes to evolutionists believing in evolution.<ref>[http://www.livescience.com/18051-belief-evolution-gut-feeling.html Belief in Evolution Boils Down to a Gut Feeling] by Live Science Staff, January 20, 2012 04:31pm ET</ref>  

In response to [[evolutionary indoctrination]] and the uncritical acceptance of evolution by many evolutionists, the scientists at the organization [[Creation Ministries International]] created a [[Question evolution! campaign]] which poses [http://creation.com/15-questions 15 questions for evolutionists]. In addition, leading creationist organizations have created lists of poor arguments that evolutionists should not use.<ref>

In response to [[evolutionary indoctrination]] and the uncritical acceptance of evolution by many evolutionists, the scientists at the organization [[Creation Ministries International]] created a [[Question evolution! campaign]] which poses [https://creation.com/15-questions 15 questions for evolutionists]. In addition, leading creationist organizations have created lists of poor arguments that evolutionists should not use.<ref>

*[http://creation.com/arguments-evolutionists-should-not-use Arguments evolutionists should not use] by Creation Ministries International  

*[https://creation.com/arguments-evolutionists-should-not-use Arguments evolutionists should not use] by Creation Ministries International  

*[https://answersingenesis.org/theory-of-evolution/12-arguments-evolutionists-should-avoid/ 12 Arguments Evolutionists Should Avoid] by Answers in Genesis</ref>

*[https://answersingenesis.org/theory-of-evolution/12-arguments-evolutionists-should-avoid/ 12 Arguments Evolutionists Should Avoid] by Answers in Genesis</ref>

=== Atheism and the 20th century ===

=== Atheism and the 20th century ===

According to the [[University of Cambridge]], historically, the "most notable spread of atheism was achieved through the success of the 1917 Russian Revolution, which brought the [[Marxism-Leninism|Marxist-Leninists]] to power."<ref name="Marxism-Leninism">{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20130728215151/http://www.investigatingatheism.info/marxism.html|title=Investigating atheism: Marxism|publisher = [[University of Cambridge]]|quote=The most notable spread of atheism was achieved through the success of the 1917 Russian Revolution, which brought the Marxist-Leninists to power. For the first time in history, atheism thus became the official ideology of a state.|year=2008|accessdate=July 17, 2014}}</ref>  

According to the [[University of Cambridge]], historically, the "most notable spread of atheism was achieved through the success of the 1917 Russian Revolution, which brought the [[Marxism-Leninism|Marxist-Leninists]] to power."<ref name="Marxism-Leninism">{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728215151/http://www.investigatingatheism.info/marxism.html|title=Investigating atheism: Marxism|publisher = [[University of Cambridge]]|quote=The most notable spread of atheism was achieved through the success of the 1917 Russian Revolution, which brought the Marxist-Leninists to power. For the first time in history, atheism thus became the official ideology of a state.|year=2008|accessdate=July 17, 2014}}</ref>  

==== Recommend reading relating to atheism and the 20th century ====

==== Recommend reading relating to atheism and the 20th century ====