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'''Commonwealth''' is a term mainly  meaning 'republic', 'dominion, 'state' or even 'free state'. It was the term used to describe the British state by the Cromwellians from 1649 until the restoration of the British monarchy in 1660.

'''Commonwealth''' is a term mainly  meaning 'republic', 'dominion, 'state' or even 'free state'. It was the term used to describe the British state by the Cromwellians from 1649 until the restoration of the British monarchy in 1660.

It occurs in the formal names of several US states, as with [[Pennsylvania]], and is similarly used by the US territory of [[Puerto Rico]]. The most common modern reference to commonwealth refers to [[Australia]], [[Canada]], and other former British colonies where [[English]] is primarily spoken as the first language.

It occurs in the formal names of several US states, as with [[Pennsylvania]], and is similarly used by the US territory of [[Puerto Rico]]. The most common modern reference to commonwealth refers to the [[Commonwealth of Nations]], an organisation whose members were, with a few exceptions, formerly part of the [[British Empire]].