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==Basic further reading==
==Basic further reading==
* Bond, Horace Mann. “The Extent and Character of Separate Schools in the United States.” ''Journal of Negro Education'' 4(July 1935):321–27. [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-2984(193507)4%3A3%3C321%3ATEACOS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-W in JSTOR], by a leading black scholar
* Bond, Horace Mann. “The Extent and Character of Separate Schools in the United States.” ''Journal of Negro Education'' 4(July 1935):321–27. [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-2984(193507)4%3A3%3C321%3ATEACOS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-W in JSTOR], by a leading black scholar
* Woodward, C. Vann. ''The Strange Career of Jim Crow'' (1955) Highly influential classic history by Pulitzer prize winner. [http://www.amazon.com/Strange-Career-Jim-Crow/dp/0195146905/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]; [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;cc=acls;view=toc;idno=heb02029.0001.001 complete text online at ACLS e-books], by a leading white scholar; a highly influential book
* Woodward, C. Vann. ''The Strange Career of Jim Crow'' (1955) Highly influential classic history by Pulitzer prize winner. [https://www.amazon.com/Strange-Career-Jim-Crow/dp/0195146905/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]; [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;cc=acls;view=toc;idno=heb02029.0001.001 complete text online at ACLS e-books], by a leading white scholar; a highly influential book
==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
* Ayers, Edward L. ''The Promise of the New South'' (1992), a general history of the South in the late 19th century [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=90462753 online edition]
* Ayers, Edward L. ''The Promise of the New South'' (1992), a general history of the South in the late 19th century [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=90462753 online edition]
* Bartley, Numan V. ''The Rise of Massive Resistance: Race and Politics in the South during the 1950s'' (1969).
* Bartley, Numan V. ''The Rise of Massive Resistance: Race and Politics in the South during the 1950s'' (1969).
* Bond, Horace Mann. “The Extent and Character of Separate Schools in the United States.” ''Journal of Negro Education'' 4(July 1935):321–27. [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-2984(193507)4%3A3%3C321%3ATEACOS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-W in JSTOR]
* Bond, Horace Mann. “The Extent and Character of Separate Schools in the United States.” ''Journal of Negro Education'' 4(July 1935):321–27. [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-2984(193507)4%3A3%3C321%3ATEACOS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-W in JSTOR]
* Chafe, William Henry, Raymond Gavins, and Robert Korstad, eds. ''Remembering Jim Crow: African Americans Tell About Life in the Segregated South'' (2003) [http://www.amazon.com/Remembering-Jim-Crow-Americans-Segregated/dp/1565847784/ref=sr_1_9?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-9 excerpt and text search]
* Chafe, William Henry, Raymond Gavins, and Robert Korstad, eds. ''Remembering Jim Crow: African Americans Tell About Life in the Segregated South'' (2003) [https://www.amazon.com/Remembering-Jim-Crow-Americans-Segregated/dp/1565847784/ref=sr_1_9?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-9 excerpt and text search]
* [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=283998&high=%20Gabriel%20CHin Gabriel Chin & Hrishi Karthikeyan, Preserving Racial Identity: Population Patterns and the Application of Anti-Miscegenation Statutes to Asians, 1910 to 1950, 9 Asian L.J. (2002)]
* [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=283998&high=%20Gabriel%20CHin Gabriel Chin & Hrishi Karthikeyan, Preserving Racial Identity: Population Patterns and the Application of Anti-Miscegenation Statutes to Asians, 1910 to 1950, 9 Asian L.J. (2002)]
* Dailey, Jane, Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore, and Bryant Simon, eds. ''Jumpin' Jim Crow: Southern Politics from Civil War to Civil Rights'' (2000), essays by scholars on impact of Jim Crow on black communities [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&se=gglsc&d=5002470890 online edition]
* Dailey, Jane, Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore, and Bryant Simon, eds. ''Jumpin' Jim Crow: Southern Politics from Civil War to Civil Rights'' (2000), essays by scholars on impact of Jim Crow on black communities [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&se=gglsc&d=5002470890 online edition]
* Foner, Eric. ''Reconstruction, America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877'' (1988), ISBN 0-06-015851-4, standard history of Reconstruction from [[neoabolitionist]] school
* Foner, Eric. ''Reconstruction, America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877'' (1988), ISBN 0-06-015851-4, standard history of Reconstruction from [[neoabolitionist]] school
* Gaines, Kevin. ''Uplifting the Race: Black Leadership, Politics, and Culture in the Twentieth Century'' (1996). [http://www.questia.com/library/book/uplifting-the-race-black-leadership-politics-and-culture-in-the-twentieth-century-by-kevin-k-gaines.jsp online edition]
* Gaines, Kevin. ''Uplifting the Race: Black Leadership, Politics, and Culture in the Twentieth Century'' (1996). [http://www.questia.com/library/book/uplifting-the-race-black-leadership-politics-and-culture-in-the-twentieth-century-by-kevin-k-gaines.jsp online edition]
* Gilmore, Glenda Elizabeth. ''Gender and Jim Crow Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920'' (1996) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=94820628 online edition]; also [http://www.amazon.com/Gender-Jim-Crow-Supremacy-1896-1920/dp/0807845965/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-4 excerpt and text search]
* Gilmore, Glenda Elizabeth. ''Gender and Jim Crow Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920'' (1996) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=94820628 online edition]; also [https://www.amazon.com/Gender-Jim-Crow-Supremacy-1896-1920/dp/0807845965/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-4 excerpt and text search]
* Griffin, John Howard. ''Black Like Me'' (1996) A Southern white reporter darkens his skin to experience segregation in the Deep South in 1959.
* Griffin, John Howard. ''Black Like Me'' (1996) A Southern white reporter darkens his skin to experience segregation in the Deep South in 1959.
* Haws, Robert, ed. ''The Age of Segregation: Race Relations in the South, 1890– 1945'', 1978.
* Haws, Robert, ed. ''The Age of Segregation: Race Relations in the South, 1890– 1945'', 1978.
* Hackney, Sheldon. ''Populism to Progressivism in Alabama'' (1969)
* Hackney, Sheldon. ''Populism to Progressivism in Alabama'' (1969)
* Kantrowitz, Stephen. ''Ben Tillman & the Reconstruction of White Supremacy'' (2000) [http://www.amazon.com/Tillman-Reconstruction-Supremacy-Morrison-Southern/dp/0807848395/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200613294&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Kantrowitz, Stephen. ''Ben Tillman & the Reconstruction of White Supremacy'' (2000) [https://www.amazon.com/Tillman-Reconstruction-Supremacy-Morrison-Southern/dp/0807848395/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200613294&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Kantrowitz, Stephen. "Ben Tillman and Hendrix McLane, Agrarian Rebels: White Manhood, 'The Farmers,' and the Limits of Southern Populism," ''The Journal of Southern History,'' Vol. 66, No. 3 (Aug., 2000), pp. 497–524 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-4642(200008)66%3A3%3C497%3ABTAHMA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K in JSTOR]
* Kantrowitz, Stephen. "Ben Tillman and Hendrix McLane, Agrarian Rebels: White Manhood, 'The Farmers,' and the Limits of Southern Populism," ''The Journal of Southern History,'' Vol. 66, No. 3 (Aug., 2000), pp. 497–524 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-4642(200008)66%3A3%3C497%3ABTAHMA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K in JSTOR]
* Kennedy, Randall. ''Martin Luther King's Constitution: a Legal History of the Montgomery Bus Boycott,'' 98 Yale Law Journal 999-1067 (April, 1989) pp 999–1067 [http://academic.udayton.edu/race/02rights/civilrights03.htm online edition without footnotes]; [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0044-0094(198904)98%3A6%3C999%3AMLKCAL%3E2.0.CO;2-E complete edition from JSTOR]
* Kennedy, Randall. ''Martin Luther King's Constitution: a Legal History of the Montgomery Bus Boycott,'' 98 Yale Law Journal 999-1067 (April, 1989) pp 999–1067 [http://academic.udayton.edu/race/02rights/civilrights03.htm online edition without footnotes]; [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0044-0094(198904)98%3A6%3C999%3AMLKCAL%3E2.0.CO;2-E complete edition from JSTOR]
* Klarman, Michael J. ''From Jim Crow to Civil Rights: The Supreme Court and the Struggle for Racial Equality'' (2006) [http://www.amazon.com/Jim-Crow-Civil-Rights-Struggle/dp/0195310187/ref=sr_1_14?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-14 excerpt and text search]
* Klarman, Michael J. ''From Jim Crow to Civil Rights: The Supreme Court and the Struggle for Racial Equality'' (2006) [https://www.amazon.com/Jim-Crow-Civil-Rights-Struggle/dp/0195310187/ref=sr_1_14?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-14 excerpt and text search]
* Lipsitz, George. "'Swing Low, Sweet Cadillac': White Supremacy, Antiblack Racism, and the New Historicism," ''American Literary History,'' Vol. 7, No. 4 (Winter, 1995), pp. 700–725 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0896-7148(199524)7%3A4%3C700%3A%22LSCWS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8 in JSTOR]
* Lipsitz, George. "'Swing Low, Sweet Cadillac': White Supremacy, Antiblack Racism, and the New Historicism," ''American Literary History,'' Vol. 7, No. 4 (Winter, 1995), pp. 700–725 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0896-7148(199524)7%3A4%3C700%3A%22LSCWS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8 in JSTOR]
* Litwack, Leon F. ''Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow'' (1998) [http://www.amazon.com/Trouble-Mind-Black-Southerners-Crow/dp/039452778X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200613319&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Litwack, Leon F. ''Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow'' (1998) [https://www.amazon.com/Trouble-Mind-Black-Southerners-Crow/dp/039452778X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200613319&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* McMillen, Neil R. ''Dark Journey: Black Mississippians in the Age of Jim Crow. '' (1989). [http://www.amazon.com/Dark-Journey-Black-Mississippians-Crow/dp/025206156X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610311&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* McMillen, Neil R. ''Dark Journey: Black Mississippians in the Age of Jim Crow. '' (1989). [https://www.amazon.com/Dark-Journey-Black-Mississippians-Crow/dp/025206156X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610311&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Myrdal, Gunnar. ''An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy'' (1944). Highly influential and detailed analysis of the Jim Crow system in operation. [http://www.amazon.com/American-Dilemma-Problem-Democracy-African-American/dp/1560008571/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610342&sr=8-4 excerpt and text search]
* Myrdal, Gunnar. ''An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy'' (1944). Highly influential and detailed analysis of the Jim Crow system in operation. [https://www.amazon.com/American-Dilemma-Problem-Democracy-African-American/dp/1560008571/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610342&sr=8-4 excerpt and text search]
* Newby, I. A. ''Jim Crow's Defense: Anti-Negro Thought in America, 1900-1930'' (1965)
* Newby, I. A. ''Jim Crow's Defense: Anti-Negro Thought in America, 1900-1930'' (1965)
* Percy, William Alexander. ''Lanterns on the Levee: Recollections of a Planter's Son.'' (1941). by conservative white planter [http://www.amazon.com/Lanterns-Levee-Recollections-Planters-Son/dp/1406728357/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610379&sr=8-3 excerpt and text search]
* Percy, William Alexander. ''Lanterns on the Levee: Recollections of a Planter's Son.'' (1941). by conservative white planter [https://www.amazon.com/Lanterns-Levee-Recollections-Planters-Son/dp/1406728357/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610379&sr=8-3 excerpt and text search]
* Rabinowitz, Howard N. ''Race Relations in the Urban South, 1856–1890'' (1978)
* Rabinowitz, Howard N. ''Race Relations in the Urban South, 1856–1890'' (1978)
* Ritterhouse, Jennifer. ''Growing Up Jim Crow: The Racial Socialization of Black and White Southern Children, 1890-1940.'' (2006) [http://www.amazon.com/Growing-Jim-Crow-Socialization-1890-1940/dp/0807856843/ref=sr_1_11?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-11 excerpt and text search]
* Ritterhouse, Jennifer. ''Growing Up Jim Crow: The Racial Socialization of Black and White Southern Children, 1890-1940.'' (2006) [https://www.amazon.com/Growing-Jim-Crow-Socialization-1890-1940/dp/0807856843/ref=sr_1_11?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-11 excerpt and text search]
* Smith, John David, ed. ''When Did Southern Segregation Begin?'' (2001), 194pp [http://www.amazon.com/Southern-Segregation-Begin-Historians-Palgrave/dp/0312237057/ref=pd_bbs_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200616609&sr=8-3 excerpt and text search]
* Smith, John David, ed. ''When Did Southern Segregation Begin?'' (2001), 194pp [https://www.amazon.com/Southern-Segregation-Begin-Historians-Palgrave/dp/0312237057/ref=pd_bbs_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200616609&sr=8-3 excerpt and text search]
* Smith, J. Douglas. ''Managing White Supremacy: Race, Politics, and Citizenship in Jim Crow Virginia'', (2002) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=101423964 online edition]
* Smith, J. Douglas. ''Managing White Supremacy: Race, Politics, and Citizenship in Jim Crow Virginia'', (2002) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=101423964 online edition]
* Smith, J. Douglas. "The Campaign for Racial Purity and the Erosion of [[Paternalism]] in Virginia, 1922–1930: 'Nominally White, Biologically Mixed, and Legally Negro.'" ''Journal of Southern History'' 68 (February 2002): 65–106. [http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst?docId=5002455235 online edition]
* Smith, J. Douglas. "The Campaign for Racial Purity and the Erosion of [[Paternalism]] in Virginia, 1922–1930: 'Nominally White, Biologically Mixed, and Legally Negro.'" ''Journal of Southern History'' 68 (February 2002): 65–106. [http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst?docId=5002455235 online edition]
* Sterner, Richard. ''The Negro's share: a study of income, consumption, housing, and public assistance'' (1943), statistical analysis of 1930s [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02857 ACLS E-book]
* Sterner, Richard. ''The Negro's share: a study of income, consumption, housing, and public assistance'' (1943), statistical analysis of 1930s [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.02857 ACLS E-book]
* Williams, Juan, and [[Julian Bond]]. ''Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954-1965'' (1988) [http://www.amazon.com/Eyes-Prize-Americas-1954-1965-American/dp/0140096531/ref=pd_bbs_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610805&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Williams, Juan, and [[Julian Bond]]. ''Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954-1965'' (1988) [https://www.amazon.com/Eyes-Prize-Americas-1954-1965-American/dp/0140096531/ref=pd_bbs_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610805&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Woodward, C. Vann. ''The Strange Career of Jim Crow'' (1955) Highly influential classic history by Pulitzer prize winner. [http://www.amazon.com/Strange-Career-Jim-Crow/dp/0195146905/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]; [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;cc=acls;view=toc;idno=heb02029.0001.001 complete text online at ACLS e-books]
* Woodward, C. Vann. ''The Strange Career of Jim Crow'' (1955) Highly influential classic history by Pulitzer prize winner. [https://www.amazon.com/Strange-Career-Jim-Crow/dp/0195146905/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200610418&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]; [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;cc=acls;view=toc;idno=heb02029.0001.001 complete text online at ACLS e-books]
* Woodward, C. Vann. ''The Origins of the New South: 1877-1913'' (1951). [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;cc=acls;view=toc;idno=heb00007.0001.001 complete text online at ACLS e-books]
* Woodward, C. Vann. ''The Origins of the New South: 1877-1913'' (1951). [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=acls;cc=acls;view=toc;idno=heb00007.0001.001 complete text online at ACLS e-books]