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HTTP --> HTTPS #3, replaced: http://www.foxnews.com → https://www.foxnews.com, http://www.pbs.org → https://www.pbs.org, http://www.amazon.com → https://www.amazon.com (4), http://www.census.gov → https://www.census.gov, http://www.kentucky.com...
[[File:Us south census.png|thumb|300px|Southern United States as defined by the [[U.S. Census Bureau]]. There are other definitions of which states comprise the South as well.]]
[[File:Us south census.png|thumb|300px|Southern United States as defined by the [[U.S. Census Bureau]]. There are other definitions of which states comprise the South as well.]]
[[File:Confederate Rebel Flag.svg.png|thumb|300px|While never officially recognized during the Civil War, the flag above, a rectangular version of the flag of the Army of Northern Virginia and the Army of Tennessee, is recognized today as the [[Confederate flag]].]]
[[File:Confederate Rebel Flag.svg.png|thumb|300px|While never officially recognized during the Civil War, the flag above, a rectangular version of the flag of the Army of Northern Virginia and the Army of Tennessee, is recognized today as the [[Confederate flag]].]]
'''The South''' is a socio-cultural region of the [[United States]]. It includes the eleven states that made up the [[Confederate States of America]] which consisted of [[South Carolina]], [[Mississippi]], [[Florida]], [[Alabama]], [[Georgia]], [[Louisiana]], [[Texas]], [[Virginia]], [[Arkansas]], [[Tennessee]] and [[North Carolina]]. The South is currently defined by the US Census as these states, as well as [[Delaware]], [[Maryland]], [[West Virginia]], [[Kentucky]], and [[Oklahoma]].<ref>http://www.census.gov/geo/www/us_regdiv.pdf</ref> Additionally, [[Missouri]] is sometimes considered a southern state.<ref>[http://officialcitysites.org/us/states/missouri/ Missouri]. ''officialcitysites.org''. Retrieved September 10, 2016.</ref> The '''Deep South''' consists of the states most "southern" ''in culture'': South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, and parts of Georgia and Louisiana.
'''The South''' is a socio-cultural region of the [[United States]]. It includes the eleven states that made up the [[Confederate States of America]] which consisted of [[South Carolina]], [[Mississippi]], [[Florida]], [[Alabama]], [[Georgia]], [[Louisiana]], [[Texas]], [[Virginia]], [[Arkansas]], [[Tennessee]] and [[North Carolina]]. The South is currently defined by the US Census as these states, as well as [[Delaware]], [[Maryland]], [[West Virginia]], [[Kentucky]], and [[Oklahoma]].<ref>https://www.census.gov/geo/www/us_regdiv.pdf</ref> Additionally, [[Missouri]] is sometimes considered a southern state.<ref>[http://officialcitysites.org/us/states/missouri/ Missouri]. ''officialcitysites.org''. Retrieved September 10, 2016.</ref> The '''Deep South''' consists of the states most "southern" ''in culture'': South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, and parts of Georgia and Louisiana.
The South is closely related to the [[Bible Belt]] and the [[Sun Belt]].
The South is closely related to the [[Bible Belt]] and the [[Sun Belt]].
===State politics===
===State politics===
[[File:Map of Southern state legislatures and Governors (2015).png|thumb|250px|Political composition of the South in early 2015. As set by the [[mainstream media]], red stands for a GOP trifecta in state government, with darker shades of red showing stronger GOP control in the state government (state legislature and governors' mansions). Purple and very light red (WV) show a divided government, and blue (DE) shows a Democrat-controlled government.]]
[[File:Map of Southern state legislatures and Governors (2015).png|thumb|250px|Political composition of the South in early 2015. As set by the [[mainstream media]], red stands for a GOP trifecta in state government, with darker shades of red showing stronger GOP control in the state government (state legislature and governors' mansions). Purple and very light red (WV) show a divided government, and blue (DE) shows a Democrat-controlled government.]]
From the end of Reconstruction until the 1960s, the [[Democrat Party]] had a consistent and strong hold in the South. This control was so strong that it was termed "The Solid South".<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/now/politics/solidsouth.html The Solid South?]. ''PBS''. January 30, 2004. Retrieved September 9, 2016.</ref> Despite the inroads made by the Republican Party on the presidential level, the South remained solidly Democrat on the state level through the 1980s, 1990s, and even into the 2000s in several states.<ref>Trande, Sean (September 9, 2010). [http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2010/09/09/misunderstanding_the_southern_realignment_107084.html Misunderstanding the Southern Realignment]. ''Real Clear Politics''. Retrieved September 9, 2016.</ref> The Republican Party only became dominant in the state-level in the 2010 elections, when it captured several state legislatures, among many other victories.<ref name="Hamby">Hamby, Peter (December 9, 2014). [https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/03/politics/southern-democrats/ The plight of the Southern Democrat]. ''CNN''. Retrieved September 9, 2016.</ref> After the 2014 elections, the GOP controlled every state legislature in the South with the sole exception of the Kentucky State House, in which the Democrats maintained a slim majority.<ref name="Hamby"/> Additionally by 2015, the GOP was dominant in every level of government across the South.<ref name="Hamby"/><ref>Cohn, Nate (December 4, 2014). [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/05/upshot/demise-of-the-southern-democrat-is-now-nearly-compete.html?_r=0 Demise of the Southern Democrat Is Now Nearly Complete]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved September 9, 2016.</ref> In 2016, the GOP took the Kentucky State House in a landslide, making every legislature in the South GOP-controlled.<ref>Loftus, Tom (November 9, 2016). [http://www.courier-journal.com/story/news/politics/elections/kentucky/2016/11/08/control-kentucky-house-up-grabs/93344114/ GOP takes Ky House in historic shift]. ''Courier-Journal''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref><ref>Brammer, Jack & Blackford, Linda (November 8, 2016). [http://www.kentucky.com/news/politics-government/article113464563.html Republicans take the Kentucky House after 95 years of Democratic control]. ''Lexington Herald-Leader''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref> At the gubernatorial level, however, the Democrats retook North Carolina in 2016 when their candidate Roy Cooper, previously the state's Attorney General, defeated GOP incumbent [[Pat McCrory]].<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/12/05/north-carolina-gov-pat-mccrory-concedes-lost-re-election.html North Carolina Gov. McCrory concedes he lost re-election bid] at Fox News</ref>
From the end of Reconstruction until the 1960s, the [[Democrat Party]] had a consistent and strong hold in the South. This control was so strong that it was termed "The Solid South".<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/now/politics/solidsouth.html The Solid South?]. ''PBS''. January 30, 2004. Retrieved September 9, 2016.</ref> Despite the inroads made by the Republican Party on the presidential level, the South remained solidly Democrat on the state level through the 1980s, 1990s, and even into the 2000s in several states.<ref>Trande, Sean (September 9, 2010). [http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2010/09/09/misunderstanding_the_southern_realignment_107084.html Misunderstanding the Southern Realignment]. ''Real Clear Politics''. Retrieved September 9, 2016.</ref> The Republican Party only became dominant in the state-level in the 2010 elections, when it captured several state legislatures, among many other victories.<ref name="Hamby">Hamby, Peter (December 9, 2014). [https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/03/politics/southern-democrats/ The plight of the Southern Democrat]. ''CNN''. Retrieved September 9, 2016.</ref> After the 2014 elections, the GOP controlled every state legislature in the South with the sole exception of the Kentucky State House, in which the Democrats maintained a slim majority.<ref name="Hamby"/> Additionally by 2015, the GOP was dominant in every level of government across the South.<ref name="Hamby"/><ref>Cohn, Nate (December 4, 2014). [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/05/upshot/demise-of-the-southern-democrat-is-now-nearly-compete.html?_r=0 Demise of the Southern Democrat Is Now Nearly Complete]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved September 9, 2016.</ref> In 2016, the GOP took the Kentucky State House in a landslide, making every legislature in the South GOP-controlled.<ref>Loftus, Tom (November 9, 2016). [http://www.courier-journal.com/story/news/politics/elections/kentucky/2016/11/08/control-kentucky-house-up-grabs/93344114/ GOP takes Ky House in historic shift]. ''Courier-Journal''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref><ref>Brammer, Jack & Blackford, Linda (November 8, 2016). [https://www.kentucky.com/news/politics-government/article113464563.html Republicans take the Kentucky House after 95 years of Democratic control]. ''Lexington Herald-Leader''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref> At the gubernatorial level, however, the Democrats retook North Carolina in 2016 when their candidate Roy Cooper, previously the state's Attorney General, defeated GOP incumbent [[Pat McCrory]].<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/12/05/north-carolina-gov-pat-mccrory-concedes-lost-re-election.html North Carolina Gov. McCrory concedes he lost re-election bid] at Fox News</ref>
==Military==
==Military==
* Ash, Stephen V. "Poor Whites in the Occupied South, 1861-1865," ''Journal of Southern History,'' 57 (February 1991), [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-4642(199102)57%3A1%3C39%3APWITOS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8 JSTOR]
* Ash, Stephen V. "Poor Whites in the Occupied South, 1861-1865," ''Journal of Southern History,'' 57 (February 1991), [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-4642(199102)57%3A1%3C39%3APWITOS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8 JSTOR]
* Bruce Jr., Dickson D. ''And They All Sang Hallelujah: Plain Folk Camp Meeting Religion, 1800-1845'' (1974) [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-8723(197509)62%3A2%3C388%3AATASHP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-B online edition]
* Bruce Jr., Dickson D. ''And They All Sang Hallelujah: Plain Folk Camp Meeting Religion, 1800-1845'' (1974) [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-8723(197509)62%3A2%3C388%3AATASHP%3E2.0.CO%3B2-B online edition]
* Bolton, Charles C. ''Poor Whites of the Antebellum South: Tenants and Laborers in Central North Carolina and Northeast Mississippi'' (1994) [http://www.amazon.com/Poor-Whites-Antebellum-South-Mississippi/dp/0822314681/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200630882&sr=8-3 excerpt and text search]
* Bolton, Charles C. ''Poor Whites of the Antebellum South: Tenants and Laborers in Central North Carolina and Northeast Mississippi'' (1994) [https://www.amazon.com/Poor-Whites-Antebellum-South-Mississippi/dp/0822314681/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200630882&sr=8-3 excerpt and text search]
* Burton, Orville Vernon. ''In My Father's House Are Many Mansions: Family and Community in Edgefield, South Carolina'' (1985) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=10585854 online edition]
* Burton, Orville Vernon. ''In My Father's House Are Many Mansions: Family and Community in Edgefield, South Carolina'' (1985) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=10585854 online edition]
* Campbell, Randolph B. "Planters and Plain Folks: The Social Structure of the Antebellum South," in John B. Boles and Evelyn Thomas Nolen, eds., ''Interpreting Southern History''(1987), 48-77;
* Campbell, Randolph B. "Planters and Plain Folks: The Social Structure of the Antebellum South," in John B. Boles and Evelyn Thomas Nolen, eds., ''Interpreting Southern History''(1987), 48-77;
* Carey, Anthony Gene. "Frank L. Owsley's Plain Folk of the Old South after Fifty Years," in Glenn Feldman, ed., ''Reading Southern History: Essays on Interpreters and Interpretations'' (2001)
* Carey, Anthony Gene. "Frank L. Owsley's Plain Folk of the Old South after Fifty Years," in Glenn Feldman, ed., ''Reading Southern History: Essays on Interpreters and Interpretations'' (2001)
* Cash, Wilbur J. ''The Mind of the South'' (1941), famous classic [http://www.amazon.com/Mind-South-W-J-Cash/dp/0679736476/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200631649&sr=8-2 excerpt and text search]
* Cash, Wilbur J. ''The Mind of the South'' (1941), famous classic [https://www.amazon.com/Mind-South-W-J-Cash/dp/0679736476/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200631649&sr=8-2 excerpt and text search]
* Cecil-Fronsman, Bill. ''Common Whites: Class and Culture in Antebellum North Carolina'' (1992)
* Cecil-Fronsman, Bill. ''Common Whites: Class and Culture in Antebellum North Carolina'' (1992)
* Hahn, Steven. ''The Roots of Southern Populism: Yeoman Farmers and the Transformation of the Georgia Upcountry, 1850-1890'' (1983) [http://www.amazon.com/Roots-Southern-Populism-Transformation-Upcountry/dp/0195306708/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200631613&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Hahn, Steven. ''The Roots of Southern Populism: Yeoman Farmers and the Transformation of the Georgia Upcountry, 1850-1890'' (1983) [https://www.amazon.com/Roots-Southern-Populism-Transformation-Upcountry/dp/0195306708/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200631613&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Harris, J. William. ''Plain Folk and Gentry in a Slave Society: White Liberty and Black Slavery in Augusta's Hinterlands'' (1985)
* Harris, J. William. ''Plain Folk and Gentry in a Slave Society: White Liberty and Black Slavery in Augusta's Hinterlands'' (1985)
* Hyde Jr., Samuel C. "Plain Folk Reconsidered: Historiographical Ambiguity in Search of Definition." ''Journal of Southern History.'' 71#4 (2005) pp 803+.
* Hyde Jr., Samuel C. "Plain Folk Reconsidered: Historiographical Ambiguity in Search of Definition." ''Journal of Southern History.'' 71#4 (2005) pp 803+.
* Owsley, Frank Lawrence. ''Plain Folk of the Old South'' (1949), the classic study
* Owsley, Frank Lawrence. ''Plain Folk of the Old South'' (1949), the classic study
* Owsley, Frank Lawrence. with Harriet C. Owsley, "The Economic Basis of Society in the Late Ante-Bellum South," ''Journal of Southern History'' 6 (Feb. 1940): 24-25, [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-4642(194002)6%3A1%3C24%3ATEBOSI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-D in JSTOR]
* Owsley, Frank Lawrence. with Harriet C. Owsley, "The Economic Basis of Society in the Late Ante-Bellum South," ''Journal of Southern History'' 6 (Feb. 1940): 24-25, [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-4642(194002)6%3A1%3C24%3ATEBOSI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-D in JSTOR]
* Sheehan-Dean, Aaron, ''Why Confederates Fought: Family and Nation in Civil War Virginia'' (2007) [http://www.amazon.com/Why-Confederates-Fought-Virginia-America/dp/0807831581/ref=sr_1_12?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200630882&sr=8-12 excerpt and text search]
* Sheehan-Dean, Aaron, ''Why Confederates Fought: Family and Nation in Civil War Virginia'' (2007) [https://www.amazon.com/Why-Confederates-Fought-Virginia-America/dp/0807831581/ref=sr_1_12?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1200630882&sr=8-12 excerpt and text search]
* Wetherington, Mark V. ''Plain Folk's Fight: The Civil War and Reconstruction in Piney Woods Georgia.'' 2005.
* Wetherington, Mark V. ''Plain Folk's Fight: The Civil War and Reconstruction in Piney Woods Georgia.'' 2005.
* Winters, Donald L. "'Plain Folk' of the Old South Reexamined: Economic Democracy in Tennessee," ''The Journal of Southern History,'' Vol. 53, No. 4 (Nov., 1987), pp. 565–586 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-4642(198711)53%3A4%3C565%3A%22FOTOS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-M in JSTOR]
* Winters, Donald L. "'Plain Folk' of the Old South Reexamined: Economic Democracy in Tennessee," ''The Journal of Southern History,'' Vol. 53, No. 4 (Nov., 1987), pp. 565–586 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-4642(198711)53%3A4%3C565%3A%22FOTOS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-M in JSTOR]