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== Objections to the Septuagint ==

== Objections to the Septuagint ==

Any translation is automatically suspect, if only because of differences in grammar and idiom between the source and target languages.<ref>See [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Sirach+1%3A1&version=DRA Sirach 1:1 Douay-Rheims 1899 American edition (DRA) (biblegateway.com)] ''Ben-Sira's introduction to the Book of Ecclesiasticus''

Any translation is automatically suspect, if only because of differences in grammar and idiom between the source and target languages.<ref>See [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Sirach+1%3A1&version=DRA Sirach 1:1 Douay-Rheims 1899 American edition (DRA) (biblegateway.com)] ''Ben-Sira's introduction to the Book of Ecclesiasticus''

:"...for the Hebrew words have not the same force in them when translated into another tongue. And not only these, but the law also itself, and the prophets, and the rest of the books, have no small difference, when they are spoken in their own language."</ref> Also, later Jews were suspicious of anything that had a non-Jewish influence, and so kept most of the original Hebrew texts<ref>All of the Old Testament books rejected as [[apocrypha]] from the 2nd century onward by rabbinical authority have been found to have originally been Hebrew texts, with the sole exception of the [[Book of Wisdom|Wisdom of Solomon]]. See [[Council of Jabnia]].</ref> The [[Masoretic Text]] is the traditional Hebrew (and in some books, Aramaic), and is the text that is used today both for those who read Hebrew, and for translating to other languages.  

:"...for the Hebrew words have not the same force in them when translated into another tongue. And not only these, but the law also itself, and the prophets, and the rest of the books, have no small difference, when they are spoken in their own language."</ref> Also, later Jews were suspicious of anything that had a non-Jewish influence, and so kept most of the original Hebrew texts<ref>All of the Old Testament books rejected as [[apocrypha]] from the 2nd century onward by rabbinical authority have been found to have originally been Hebrew texts, with the sole exception of the [[Book of Wisdom|Wisdom of Solomon]]. See [[Council of Jamnia]]. Discoveries of Hebrew and Aramaic manucripts of [[Book of Tobit|Tobit]], [[Book of Sirach|ben Sira (Sirach, or Ecclesiasticus)]], [[Epistle of Jeremiah]] in the caves at [[Qumran]] near the [[Dead Sea]], the "[[Dead Sea Scrolls]]", demonstrate that a Hebrew or Aramaic origin of a text included in the Greek translation of the Jewish scriptures in the Septuagint accepted by Christians was not the sole criterion for inclusion or exclusion in the Hebrew canon, but included consideration of (rejected) evidence of content which supported Christian doctrine. Linguistic evidence shows that other Septuagint books which were excluded by rabbinical authority after A.D. 90 certainly had an original Hebrew or Aramaic text. See

*[https://books.google.com/books?id=dtlDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA203&lpg=PA203&dq=apocryphal+books+having+evidence+of+hebrew+or+aramaic+origin&source=bl&ots=CkMPwQMciG&sig=y6w4tnI_wvIqyzCWqCoN3xo8mvQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VGGcVP2RH4r2yQT7toKYAw&ved=0CFMQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=apocryphal%20books%20having%20evidence%20of%20hebrew%20or%20aramaic%20origin&f=false The Apocrypha of the Old Testament: With Historical Introductions, a Revised Translation, and Notes Critical and Explanatory, by Edwin Cone Bissell. Scribner, 1890. 680 pages], page 208ff, citing evidence that the "additions to Esther" were also translated from the Hebrew. (Google eBook)</ref> The [[Masoretic Text]] is the traditional Hebrew (and in some books, Aramaic), and is the text that is used today both for those who read Hebrew, and for translating to other languages.  

Saint Jerome used the Septuagint as the basis of the Gallican Psalter and the book of Job of the [[Latin Vulgate|Vulgate]]. After more than a decade he decided the Septuagint was too fraught with mistranslations to be acceptable. At the beginning of AD the fifth century Jerome used only copies of biblical books in Hebrew and in some places Aramaic.<ref>[http://www.ntcanon.org/Vulgate.shtml The Development of the Canon of the New Testament: Vulgate]</ref> It is important to note that Jerome did not exclude from the whole of the Christian Bible the books designated as [[Apocrypha]] by the second century Palestinian Jewish rabbinical authorities and afterward by the leaders of the Protestant Reformation, but he included them among the books of the Old Testament. [[Martin Luther]] was first to separate and segregate the [[deuterocanonicals]] in a separate section apart from the Old Testament which he designated "The Apocrypha".

Saint Jerome used the Septuagint as the basis of the Gallican Psalter and the book of Job of the [[Latin Vulgate|Vulgate]]. After more than a decade he decided the Septuagint was too fraught with mistranslations to be acceptable. At the beginning of AD the fifth century Jerome used only copies of biblical books in Hebrew and in some places Aramaic.<ref>[http://www.ntcanon.org/Vulgate.shtml The Development of the Canon of the New Testament: Vulgate]</ref> It is important to note that Jerome did not exclude from the whole of the Christian Bible the books designated as [[Apocrypha]] by the second century Palestinian Jewish rabbinical authorities and afterward by the leaders of the Protestant Reformation, but he included them among the books of the Old Testament. [[Martin Luther]] was first to separate and segregate the [[deuterocanonicals]] in a separate section apart from the Old Testament which he designated "The Apocrypha".