Changes

Environment is an important factor in how innate behavior has evolved. From a more biological standpoint, the brain's [[limbic system]] operates as the main control-area for response to certain stimuli, including a variety of instinctual behavior. The limbic system processes external stimuli related to emotions, social activity, and motivation, which propagates a behavioral response. Some behaviors include maternal care, aggression, defense, and social hierarchy.  These behaviors are influenced by sensory input—sight, sound, touch, and smell.

Environment is an important factor in how innate behavior has evolved. From a more biological standpoint, the brain's [[limbic system]] operates as the main control-area for response to certain stimuli, including a variety of instinctual behavior. The limbic system processes external stimuli related to emotions, social activity, and motivation, which propagates a behavioral response. Some behaviors include maternal care, aggression, defense, and social hierarchy.  These behaviors are influenced by sensory input—sight, sound, touch, and smell.

[[Evolutionist]]s assert that within the "[[Central nervous system|circuitry]]" of the [[limbic system]], there are various places where evolution could have taken place, or could take place in the future. For example, many rodents have receptors in the [[vomeronasal organ]] that respond explicitly to predator stimuli that specifically relate to that individual species of rodent. The reception of a predatory stimulus usually creates a response of defense or fear.<ref name="Sokolowski & Corbin 2012">Sokolowski & Corbin 2012</ref> Mating in rats follows a similar mechanism. The vomeronasal organ and the main olfactory epithelium, together called the [[olfactory system]], detect pheromones from the opposite sex. These signals then travel to the medial [[amygdala]], which disperses the signal to a variety of brain parts. The pathways involved with innate circuitry are extremely specialized and specific.<ref name="Sokolowski & Corbin 2012"/>  Various organs and sensory receptors play parts in this complex process.

[[Evolutionist]]s assert that within the "[[Central nervous system|circuitry]]" of the [[limbic system]], there are various places where evolution could have taken place, or could take place in the future. For example, many rodents have receptors in the [[vomeronasal organ]] that respond explicitly to predator stimuli that specifically relate to that individual species of rodent. The reception of a predatory stimulus usually creates a response of defense or fear.<ref name="Sokolowski & Corbin 2012">Sokolowski & Corbin 2012, "Wired for behaviors: from development to function of innate limbic system circuitry"</ref> Mating in rats follows a similar mechanism. The vomeronasal organ and the main olfactory epithelium, together called the [[olfactory system]], detect pheromones from the opposite sex. These signals then travel to the medial [[amygdala]], which disperses the signal to a variety of brain parts. The pathways involved with innate circuitry are extremely specialized and specific.<ref name="Sokolowski & Corbin 2012"/>  Various organs and sensory receptors play parts in this complex process.

Instinct is a phenomenon that can be investigated from a variety of research disciplines and approaches: [[genetics]], limbic system, nervous pathways, and environment. Researchers can study levels of instincts, from molecular behavior to groups of individuals. Extremely specialized systems have evolved, resulting in individuals which exhibit behaviors without learning them.

Instinct is a phenomenon that can be investigated from a variety of research disciplines and approaches: [[genetics]], limbic system, nervous pathways, and environment. Researchers can study levels of instincts, from molecular behavior to groups of individuals. Extremely specialized systems have evolved, resulting in individuals which exhibit behaviors without learning them.

* [[Brainwashing]]

* [[Brainwashing]]

* [[Training and conditioning]]

* [[Training and conditioning]]

==References==

==References==

[https://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html Skinner - Operant Conditioning, By Saul McLeod (simplypsychology.org)]

[https://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html Skinner - Operant Conditioning, By Saul McLeod (simplypsychology.org)]

[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ivan-Pavlov Ivan Pavlov, Russian  psychologist - Britannica (britannica.com)]

[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ivan-Pavlov Ivan Pavlov, Russian  psychologist, By W. Horsley Gantt - Britannica (britannica.com)]

 

[https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/d487/c8e11992e7a5553e5b3c04e2700101c8d768.pdf Wired for behaviors: from development to function of innate limbic system circuitry, Katie Sokolowski and Joshua G. Corbin, Children's National Medical Center, Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Washington, D.C., USA - frontiers in <small>MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE</small> Review article]