| | [[File:Desecnt of the modernist.png|thumb|right|The Descent of the Modernists cartoon by E. J. Pace. It portrays [[modernism]] as the descent from [[Christianity]] to [[atheism]]. It was first published in 1922. ]] | | [[File:Desecnt of the modernist.png|thumb|right|The Descent of the Modernists cartoon by E. J. Pace. It portrays [[modernism]] as the descent from [[Christianity]] to [[atheism]]. It was first published in 1922. ]] |
| − | '''Fundamentalism''', a term sometimes used in a pejorative way today by [[liberals]], is a movement among [[Christian]]s in the [[United States]] that began in the late 19th century. It was a backlash against [[Modernism]], which the fundamentalists accused of denying such Christian doctrines such as [[virgin birth]] and the inerrancy of Scripture. The name comes from a series of pamphlets entitled ''The Fundamentals'' that were published between 1910 and 1915.<ref name=IFTSAE>"[http://www.wheaton.edu/isae/defining-evangelicalism/fundamentalism Fundamentalism]”, Institute for the Study of American Evangelicals</ref><ref name=TheFundamentals>[http://www.ntslibrary.com/PDF%20Books%20II/Torrey%20-%20The%20Fundamentals%201.pdf The Fundamentals A Testimony to the Truth (1910-1915) <br>—Volume One], [http://www.ntslibrary.com/PDF%20Books%20II/Torrey%20-%20The%20Fundamentals%202.pdf Volume Two], [http://www.ntslibrary.com/PDF%20Books%20II/Torrey%20-%20The%20Fundamentals%203.pdf Volume Three], [http://www.ntslibrary.com/PDF%20Books%20II/Torrey%20-%20The%20Fundamentals%204.pdf Volume Four].</ref> The movement is associated with the 1925 [[Scopes Trial]], which concerned the issue of evolution. It suffered a decline in the 1930s, but revived in the late 1940s. At this time, the words "evangelical" and "fundamentalist" were used interchangeably. | + | '''Fundamentalism''', a term sometimes used in a pejorative way today by [[liberals]], is a movement among [[Christian]]s in the [[United States]] that began in the late 19th century. It was a backlash against [[Modernism]], which the fundamentalists accused of denying such Christian doctrines such as [[virgin birth]] and the inerrancy of Scripture. The name comes from a series of pamphlets entitled ''The Fundamentals'' that were published between 1910 and 1915.<ref name=IFTSAE>"[http://www.wheaton.edu/isae/defining-evangelicalism/fundamentalism Fundamentalism]”, Institute for the Study of American Evangelicals</ref><ref name=TheFundamentals>[http://www.ntslibrary.com/PDF%20Books%20II/Torrey%20-%20The%20Fundamentals%201.pdf The Fundamentals A Testimony to the Truth (1910-1915) <br>—Volume One], [http://www.ntslibrary.com/PDF%20Books%20II/Torrey%20-%20The%20Fundamentals%202.pdf Volume Two], [http://www.ntslibrary.com/PDF%20Books%20II/Torrey%20-%20The%20Fundamentals%203.pdf Volume Three], [http://www.ntslibrary.com/PDF%20Books%20II/Torrey%20-%20The%20Fundamentals%204.pdf Volume Four].</ref> The movement is associated with the 1925 [[Scopes Trial]], which concerned the issue of evolution. It suffered a decline in the 1930s, but revived in the late 1940s. |
| | The views of many of the greatest scientists and mathematicians were within the meaning of fundamentalism, including [[Isaac Newton]] and [[Bernard Riemann]]. | | The views of many of the greatest scientists and mathematicians were within the meaning of fundamentalism, including [[Isaac Newton]] and [[Bernard Riemann]]. |