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Chairman Adam warned Democratic officeholders prophetically that a strong GOP showing in 1963 would encourage Republicans to contest future races on a regular basis and could in time threaten the state's solidly Democratic congressional delegation. Adam also accused Phillips and his running-mate for lieutenant governor, state Senator Stanford E. Morse, Jr., of Gulfport, another Democrat-turned-Republican, of having confused voters by omitting the word "Republican" from their campaign materials.<ref>''the Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' October 11, 16, 1963; ''[[The New York Times]],'' October 26, 1963.</ref>

Chairman Adam warned Democratic officeholders prophetically that a strong GOP showing in 1963 would encourage Republicans to contest future races on a regular basis and could in time threaten the state's solidly Democratic congressional delegation. Adam also accused Phillips and his running-mate for lieutenant governor, state Senator Stanford E. Morse, Jr., of Gulfport, another Democrat-turned-Republican, of having confused voters by omitting the word "Republican" from their campaign materials.<ref>''the Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' October 11, 16, 1963; ''[[The New York Times]],'' October 26, 1963.</ref>

==Racial politics==​

==Racial politics==

With his "K.O. (Knock Out) the Kennedys" slogan, Phillips attempted to present himself as a more determined segregationist than his rival, Paul Johnson. In a statewide television broadcast, Phillips said that he had concluded that only Republicans could offer a realistic challenge to the national Democrats.<ref>''Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' October 3, 1963</ref> Phillips' segregationist views were confirmed by the historian James W. Silver of the University of Mississippi, who quoted the Republican candidate as having told students in 1962 that the Kennedy administration was being "run by incompetents and [[communism|communist]] sympathizers."<ref>James W. Silver] ''Mississippi: The Closed Society (New York, 1966), p. 45.</ref> Silver added that Phillips had called [[United States Attorney General]] [[Robert F. Kennedy]] "a little juvenile" who had "declared war on Mississippi, and he will demand unconditional surrender."<ref>Silver, p. 45.</ref>​

With his "K.O. (Knock Out) the Kennedys" slogan, Phillips attempted to present himself as a more determined segregationist than his rival, Paul Johnson. In a statewide television broadcast, Phillips said that he had concluded that only Republicans could offer a realistic challenge to the national Democrats.<ref>''Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' October 3, 1963</ref> Phillips' segregationist views were confirmed by the historian James W. Silver of the University of Mississippi, who quoted the Republican candidate as having told students in 1962 that the Kennedy administration was being "run by incompetents and [[communism|communist]] sympathizers."<ref>James W. Silver] ''Mississippi: The Closed Society (New York, 1966), p. 45.</ref> Silver added that Phillips had called [[United States Attorney General]] [[Robert F. Kennedy]] "a little juvenile" who had "declared war on Mississippi, and he will demand unconditional surrender."<ref>Silver, p. 45.</ref>​

 

In Meadville in Franklin County, Phillips remarked, "I was born a segregationist, I am for segregation now, and I will be for segregation when I die."<ref>''The Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' October 17, 1963; ''The Jackson Clarion-Ledger,'' October 22, 1963.</ref> Phillips said that opponents who branded him a "closet integrationist" were deceptive: "noting could be further from the truth."<ref>''The Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' October 22, 1963.</ref> Phillips said "the one-party system ... gave us John and Bobby Kennedy and the integration of our state's university."<ref>''Biloxi-Gulfport Daily Herald'' (since ''The Sun Herald''), September 3, 1963; ''The Hattiesburg American,'' October 4, 1963.</ref>​

In Meadville in Franklin County, Phillips remarked, "I was born a segregationist, I am for segregation now, and I will be for segregation when I die."<ref>''The Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' October 17, 1963; ''The Jackson Clarion-Ledger,'' October 22, 1963.</ref> Phillips said that opponents who branded him a "closet integrationist" were deceptive: "noting could be further from the truth."<ref>''The Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' October 22, 1963.</ref> Phillips said "the one-party system ... gave us John and Bobby Kennedy and the integration of our state's university."<ref>''Biloxi-Gulfport Daily Herald'' (since ''The Sun Herald''), September 3, 1963; ''The Hattiesburg American,'' October 4, 1963.</ref>​

Phillips accused outgoing Governor Barnett and Democratic opponent Paul Johnson of "rooster fighting with U.S. marshals" in the 1962 desegregation crisis, which ended in the enrollment of [[James Meredith]] as the first African American student and subsequent Ole Miss graduate. Phillips said that Barnett and Johnson had merely tricked voters by staging their opposition to desegregation and that Johnson was the "Kennedy candidate" in the race.<ref>'The 'Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' September 7, 1963.</ref>​

Phillips accused outgoing Governor Barnett and Democratic opponent Paul Johnson of "rooster fighting with U.S. marshals" in the 1962 desegregation crisis, which ended in the enrollment of [[James Meredith]] as the first African American student and subsequent Ole Miss graduate. Phillips said that Barnett and Johnson had merely tricked voters by staging their opposition to desegregation and that Johnson was the "Kennedy candidate" in the race.<ref>'The 'Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' September 7, 1963.</ref>

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Until the 1960s, Mississippians had known no alternative to segregation, and many linked the separation of the races to the Bible. Governor Barnett, like Phillips a Baptist Sunday school teacher, declared "The Good Lord was the original segregationist. He put the black man in [[Africa]]. ... He made us white because he wanted us white, and He intended that we should stay that way."<ref>''The Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' September 12, 1963.</ref> Barnett said that Mississippi had the largest percent of African Americans because "they love our way of life here, and that way is segregation."<ref>''The Jackson Clarion-Ledger,'' September 25, 1963.</ref><ref>Silver, ''The Closed Society,'' pp. 273-74.</ref>​

Until the 1960s, Mississippians had known no alternative to segregation, and many linked the separation of the races to the Bible. Governor Barnett, like Phillips a Baptist Sunday school teacher, declared "The Good Lord was the original segregationist. He put the black man in [[Africa]]. ... He made us white because he wanted us white, and He intended that we should stay that way."<ref>''The Memphis Commercial Appeal,'' September 12, 1963.</ref> Barnett said that Mississippi had the largest percent of African Americans because "they love our way of life here, and that way is segregation."<ref>''The Jackson Clarion-Ledger,'' September 25, 1963.</ref><ref>Silver, ''The Closed Society,'' pp. 273-274.</ref>​

==Two-party political dissent==

==Two-party political dissent==