| − | A '''valid argument''', in [[formal logic]], one in which the conclusion is correctly derived from the premises. That is, a valid argument is one in which, if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true. A valid argument whose premises are true is called a '''sound argument''', and its conclusion must be true. A valid argument whose premises are not all true is called a '''valid but unsound argument''', and its conclusion is not necessarily true. | + | A '''valid argument''', in [[formal logic]], one in which the conclusion is correctly derived from the premises. That is, a valid argument is one in which, if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true. A valid argument whose premises are true is called a '''sound argument''', and its conclusion must be true. |
| | + | A valid argument whose premises are not all true is called a '''valid but unsound argument''', and its conclusion is not necessarily true. The following is an example of a valid but unsound argument, in which one of the premises is untrue, so that the conclusion cannot be relied upon (and is wrong): |
| | {{quotebox|A deductive argument is said to be valid when the inference from premises to conclusion is perfect. [http://www.philosophypages.com/lg/e01.htm Arguments and Inference: truth and validity] }} | | {{quotebox|A deductive argument is said to be valid when the inference from premises to conclusion is perfect. [http://www.philosophypages.com/lg/e01.htm Arguments and Inference: truth and validity] }} |