Changes

==Legacy==

==Legacy==

O September 4, 1895, Twichell wed the former Eula Trigg (1875-1976). They had four daughters and a son, Trigg Twichell (1901-1992), the director of the Austin branch of the [[United States Geological Survey]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/10025423/trigg-twichell|title=Trigg Twichell|publisher=Findagrave.com|accessdate=October 14, 2019}}</ref> A second son died in infancy.<ref name=handbook/> ​

O September 4, 1895, Twichell wed the former Eula Trigg (1875-1976). They had four daughters and a son, Trigg Twichell (1901-1992), the director of the Austin branch of the [[United States Geological Survey]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/10025423/trigg-twichell|title=Trigg Twichell|publisher=Findagrave.com|accessdate=October 14, 2019}}</ref> Twichell became involved in civic affairs in Amarillo. A [[Methodist]], he backed [[prohibition]], having once hosted an appearance in Amarillo by [[Carrie Nation]], known for her physical attacks on [[saloon]]s.<ref name=ttu/> Perhaps using some of the normal school training, he taught from 1895 to 1897 at the forerunner to Amarillo College, a junior college at which he not only launched the school band but in 1901 but organized the Amarillo Concert Band as well.<ref name=handbook/>

 

Twichell became involved in Amarillo civic affairs. A [[Methodist]], he backed [[prohibition]], having once hosted an appearance in Amarillo by [[Carrie Nation]], known for her physical attacks on saloons.<ref name=ttu/> Perhaps using some of the normal school training, he taught from 1895 to 1897 at the forerunner to the [[community college]] now known as Amarillo College, at which he not only launched the school band but in 1901 organized the Amarillo Concert Band.<ref name=handbook/> ​

Subsequent cadastral surveyors retracing his lines found them particularly accurate. His survey records, composed of many field books, working sketches, some two hundred finished maps, field notes, and about fifty thousand pages of correspondence, were purchased by six major oil companies a short time before Twichell's death and were long maintained in a private depository in [[Midland]], Texas.<ref name=handbook/>​

Subsequent cadastral surveyors retracing his lines found them particularly accurate. His survey records, composed of many field books, working sketches, some two hundred finished maps, field notes, and about fifty thousand pages of correspondence, were purchased by six major oil companies a short time before Twichell's death and were long maintained in a private depository in [[Midland]], Texas.<ref name=handbook/>​

 

On September 29, 2010, Chevron, Atlantic Richfield, ConocoPhillips, and [[ExxonMobil]], which held the remaining Twichell papers, donated the surveys to the office of the Texas General Land Office under then Commissioner [[Jerry Patterson]] and since 2015, [[George P. Bush]].<ref name=papers>{{cite web|url=http://www.glo.texas.gov/glo_news/press_releases/2010/SEPTEMBER/Twichell-papers.html|title=Legendary land surveying papers donated to Texas General Land Office|publisher=glo.texas.gov, September 29, 2010|accessdate=May 3, 2011; no longer on-line}}</ref> Altogether Twichell laid out more than forty towns and surveyed in 165 of the 254 Texas counties.<ref name=papers/> Patterson reflected on Twichell's long-term significance to Texas history and development. Twichell surveyed the developing areas along the Texas and [[New Mexico]] boundary, marked lands giving rise to the XIT Ranch, helped to build railroads, developed the funding mechanism for part of the costs of public education, and provided for the abundant exploration of [[petroleum]] and [[natural gas]].<ref name=papers/>​

On September 29, 2010, Chevron, Atlantic Richfield, ConocoPhillips, and [[ExxonMobil]], which held the remaining Twichell papers, donated the surveys to the office of the Texas General Land Office under then Commissioner [[Jerry Patterson]] and since 2015, [[George P. Bush]].<ref name=papers>{{cite web|url=http://www.glo.texas.gov/glo_news/press_releases/2010/SEPTEMBER/Twichell-papers.html|title=Legendary land surveying papers donated to Texas General Land Office|publisher=glo.texas.gov, September 29, 2010|accessdate=May 3, 2011; no longer on-line}}</ref> Altogether Twichell laid out more than forty towns and surveyed in 165 of the 254 Texas counties.<ref name=papers/> Patterson reflected on Twichell's long-term significance to Texas history and development. Twichell surveyed the developing areas along the Texas and [[New Mexico]] boundary, marked lands giving rise to the XIT Ranch, helped to build railroads, developed the funding mechanism for part of the costs of public education, and provided for the abundant exploration of [[petroleum]] and [[natural gas]].<ref name=papers/>

 

His survey also extended into [[Arizona]]. In 1901, Twichell was called upon to survey the Spindletop oil field near [[Beaumont, Texas|Beaumont]] in southeastern Texas. His surveying brought him into contact with such figures as the legenday [[justice of the peace]], [[Roy Bean]] of Langtry, Texas, as well as author, [[O. Henry]], cattleman Charles Goodnight, and the Comanche chief Quanah Parker. He trained the Lubbock surveyor Sylvan Sanders.<ref name=ttu/> Twichell surveyed 15 million total acres, having averaged twenty miles in a typical day. He derived much satisfaction from his work because it demand constant mental activity and allowed him the benefits of travel. Only one mistake was found in Twichell's work, and that was made by an associate.<ref name=wtha/>​

His survey also extended into [[Arizona]]. In 1901, Twichell was called upon to survey the Spindletop oil field near [[Beaumont, Texas|Beaumont]] in southeastern Texas. His surveying brought him into contact with such figures as the legenday [[justice of the peace]], Roy Bean of Langtry, Texas, as well as author, [[O. Henry]], cattleman Charles Goodnight, and the Comanche chief Quanah Parker. He trained the Lubbock surveyor Sylvan Sanders.<ref name=ttu/> Twichell surveyed 15 million total acres, having averaged twenty miles in a typical day. He derived much satisfaction from his work because it demand constant mental activity and allowed him the benefits of travel. Only one mistake was found in Twichell's work, and that was made by an associate.<ref name=wtha/>​

 

A limestone rock used as a surveying reference point when Twichell drew the north and west lines of Lamb County is on display at the Texas Last Frontier Museum in Morton in Cochran County. The rock bears the vestige of an inscription that could refer to the Capitol Syndicate, which built the state Capitol in return for vast acreage in ten Panhandle counties.<ref>Tai D. Kriedler, executive director of West Texas Historical Association, memorandum to members, June 20, 2013.</ref>​

A limestone rock used as a surveying reference point when Twichell drew the north and west lines of Lamb County is on display at the Texas Last Frontier Museum in Morton in Cochran County. The rock bears the vestige of an inscription that could refer to the Capitol Syndicate, which built the state Capitol in return for vast acreage in ten Panhandle counties.<ref>Tai D. Kriedler, executive director of West Texas Historical Association, memorandum to members, June 20, 2013.</ref>​

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==Bibliography==

==Bibliography==

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