Changes

Byrnes said that [[#refToledano97|despite his categorical instructions]] not to recommend any U.S. citizen for posts in the UN Secretariat, "Hiss forwarded to the UN the resumes of [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60E1EFE3D59107A93C6AB1788D85F478585F9&scp=130&sq=%22alger%20hiss%22&st=cse nearly 500] people, many of them his confreres at State, as prospective global staffers."<ref>"About 50 of these later showed up on the permanent UN payroll, while more than 200 others got part-time assignments." [[#refEvans07|Evans 2007]]: 159. A Senate Internal Security Subcommittee investigation found that Hiss recommended a total of 494 persons for positions as UN officials. Of these, 58 had passed through Hiss's Office of Special Political Affairs; 219 persons who had worked in Hiss's office were "loaned" to the UN, of whom 49 became permanent UN officials. Senator James Eastland (D-MO) commented: "I am appalled at the extensive evidence indicating that there is today in the UN among the American employees there, the greatest concentration of Communists that this Committee has ever encountered.... These people occupy high positions. They have very high salaries and almost all of these people have, in the past, been employees in the U.S. government in high and sensitive positions." (United States Senate. Committee on Internal Security. Activities of U.S. Citizens Employed by the UN. Hearings (1952), pp. 407-408; Report (1954), p. 12. Cf. [[#refSISS16|SISS Part 16]]: 1072 (PDF 12)</ref> Many were [[#refToledano97|members of Communist cells]] in the government, whose jobs were at risk under a tightened security program. [http://www.commentarymagazine.com/viewarticle.cfm/the-friends-of-dalton-trumbo-11468 The Communist] [[#refGarvin04|Dalton]] [http://www.frontpagemag.com/readArticle.aspx?ARTID=9274 Trumbo], a [http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=27810 thoroughgoing Stalinist], boasted that he had been Stettinius' [http://www.frontpagemag.com/readArticle.aspx?ARTID=32073 ghost-writer] at the conference.<ref>"To Elsie McKeough," Helen Manfull, Ed., ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=uJpbAAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 Additional Dialogue: Letters of Dalton Trumbo, 1942-1962]'' (New York: M. Evans and Company, 1970), p. 37</ref> Press accounts attributed the hiring of Trumbo (who would become infamous in 1947 as one of the "Hollywood Ten") [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=950&dat=19500703&id=SrILAAAAIBAJ&sjid=elUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1706,274693 to Hiss].<ref>[[#refTL50|de Toledano, Lasky 1950]]: 110</ref>

Byrnes said that [[#refToledano97|despite his categorical instructions]] not to recommend any U.S. citizen for posts in the UN Secretariat, "Hiss forwarded to the UN the resumes of [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60E1EFE3D59107A93C6AB1788D85F478585F9&scp=130&sq=%22alger%20hiss%22&st=cse nearly 500] people, many of them his confreres at State, as prospective global staffers."<ref>"About 50 of these later showed up on the permanent UN payroll, while more than 200 others got part-time assignments." [[#refEvans07|Evans 2007]]: 159. A Senate Internal Security Subcommittee investigation found that Hiss recommended a total of 494 persons for positions as UN officials. Of these, 58 had passed through Hiss's Office of Special Political Affairs; 219 persons who had worked in Hiss's office were "loaned" to the UN, of whom 49 became permanent UN officials. Senator James Eastland (D-MO) commented: "I am appalled at the extensive evidence indicating that there is today in the UN among the American employees there, the greatest concentration of Communists that this Committee has ever encountered.... These people occupy high positions. They have very high salaries and almost all of these people have, in the past, been employees in the U.S. government in high and sensitive positions." (United States Senate. Committee on Internal Security. Activities of U.S. Citizens Employed by the UN. Hearings (1952), pp. 407-408; Report (1954), p. 12. Cf. [[#refSISS16|SISS Part 16]]: 1072 (PDF 12)</ref> Many were [[#refToledano97|members of Communist cells]] in the government, whose jobs were at risk under a tightened security program. [http://www.commentarymagazine.com/viewarticle.cfm/the-friends-of-dalton-trumbo-11468 The Communist] [[#refGarvin04|Dalton]] [http://www.frontpagemag.com/readArticle.aspx?ARTID=9274 Trumbo], a [http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=27810 thoroughgoing Stalinist], boasted that he had been Stettinius' [http://www.frontpagemag.com/readArticle.aspx?ARTID=32073 ghost-writer] at the conference.<ref>"To Elsie McKeough," Helen Manfull, Ed., ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=uJpbAAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 Additional Dialogue: Letters of Dalton Trumbo, 1942-1962]'' (New York: M. Evans and Company, 1970), p. 37</ref> Press accounts attributed the hiring of Trumbo (who would become infamous in 1947 as one of the "Hollywood Ten") [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=950&dat=19500703&id=SrILAAAAIBAJ&sjid=elUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1706,274693 to Hiss].<ref>[[#refTL50|de Toledano, Lasky 1950]]: 110</ref>

Hoping to obtain "control of the entire [[Mediterranean]]," the [[USSR|Soviets]] forced through a [[UN]] resolution demanding "an immediate boycott" of [[Spain]]. But as it gradually became clear that the Soviets were seeking "[[Communist]] expansion world-wide," the [[US]] sought the reversal of this UN resolution. According to William B. Dunham of the [[State Department]]'s Office of Western European Affairs:<ref>United States Civil Service Commission, ''[http://ia700502.us.archive.org/22/items/officialregister1955unit/officialregister1955unit_bw.pdf Official Register of the United States, 1955]'' (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1955), p. 26 (PDF p. 48</ref>

Hoping to obtain "control of the entire [[Mediterranean]]," the [[USSR|Soviets]] forced through a [[UN]] resolution demanding "an immediate boycott" of [[Spain]]. But as it gradually became clear that the Soviets were seeking "[[Communist]] expansion world-wide," the [[US]] sought the reversal of this UN resolution. According to William B. Dunham of the [[State Department]]'s Office of Western European Affairs:<ref>United States Civil Service Commission, ''[http://ia700502.us.archive.org/22/items/officialregister1955unit/officialregister1955unit_bw.pdf Official Register of the United States, 1955]'' (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1955), p. 26 (PDF p. 48)</ref>

{{cquote|[I]n the State Department... many, especially in the Bureau of UN Affairs.... took every opportunity, tried every dodge, to oppose or at least obstruct as best they could... reversing the UN resolution.... Deputy Assistant Secretary for UN Affairs, Alger Hiss... led the obstructionists there.<ref>William B. Dunham, "[http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/mfdip:@field%28DOCID+mfdip2004dun03%29 How Did You Get Here from There?: Memoir of a Diplomatic Career]," Foreign Affairs Series, Foreign Affairs Oral History Project, Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, 1996 (Library of Congress)</ref>}}

{{cquote|[I]n the State Department... many, especially in the Bureau of UN Affairs.... took every opportunity, tried every dodge, to oppose or at least obstruct as best they could... reversing the UN resolution.... Deputy Assistant Secretary for UN Affairs, Alger Hiss... led the obstructionists there.<ref>William B. Dunham, "[http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/mfdip:@field%28DOCID+mfdip2004dun03%29 How Did You Get Here from There?: Memoir of a Diplomatic Career]," Foreign Affairs Series, Foreign Affairs Oral History Project, Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, 1996 (Library of Congress)</ref>}}