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The term '''inquisition''' can refer to either an investigation by the [[Roman Catholic]] Church into accusations of heresy, or to the department appointed to perform such investigations. The original purpose of the inquisition was to protect the rights of the accused against the unrestricted prosecution of [[secular]] rulers and princes (the State). The Office of the Inquisition is currently titled the ''Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith'' since 1965, but was formerly been titled the ''Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office,'' and prior to that the ''Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition.'' The Inquisition has been the subject of [[polemic]] against the [[Catholic Church]] by [[Protestantism|Protestants]], and has been carefully studied and demythologized by professional historians and scholars of different faiths and backgrounds to clear away inaccuracies, exaggerations and misunderstandings of the actual facts of the matter. Their findings have been disputed, even when indisputable evidence has been found and published, independently corroborating their research.

The term '''inquisition''' can refer to either an investigation by the [[Roman Catholic]] Church into accusations of heresy, or to the department appointed to perform such investigations. The original purpose of the inquisition was to protect the rights of the accused against unrestricted harsh prosecution by [[secular]] rulers and princes ([[State#"The State"|the State]]). The Office of the Inquisition is currently titled the ''Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith'' since 1965, but was formerly been titled the ''Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office,'' and prior to that the ''Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition.'' The Inquisition has been the subject of [[polemic]] against the [[Catholic Church]] by [[Protestantism|Protestants]], and has been carefully studied and demythologized by professional historians and scholars of different faiths and backgrounds to clear away inaccuracies, exaggerations and misunderstandings of the actual facts of the matter. Their findings have been disputed, even when indisputable evidence has been found and published, independently corroborating their research.

Several major inquisitions took place, under the management of differing departments.

Several major inquisitions took place, under the management of differing departments.