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3. The crusade, in particular the ‘''Crusade against the Albigensians''’ in 1204.  

3. The crusade, in particular the ‘''Crusade against the Albigensians''’ in 1204.  

The Cathar priests had been successful because they led pious and ascetic lives in imitation of the apostles, in apparent contrast to the general Catholic clergy, whom they accused of being [[hypocrites]], although the Catholic clergy included many pious members who practiced visibly obvious personal poverty and disciplines of ascetic self-denial and prayer according to the evangelical counsels of poverty, chastity and obedience, such as the communities of desert hermits (the beginnings of [[monasticism]]), and later the [[Saint Augustine#Legacy|Augustinian]]s, [[Rule of St. Benedict|Benedictine]]s, [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Camaldolese-Order Camaldolese], [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Carmelites Carmelites], [[Carthusian Order|Carthusians]], [https://medievalchurchhistory.blogspot.com/2012/09/lesson-17-cluny-910-and-monastic-reform.html the monastery at Cluny], [[Dominican]]s, [[Franciscan]]s, [[Knights Hospitaller|Hospitallers]]. So beginning in 1178, Rome sent Dominican [[monk]]s already practicing the same ascetic discipline, who tried with little success to convert the Cathars to Catholicism.

The Cathar priests had been successful because they led pious and ascetic lives in imitation of the apostles, in apparent contrast to the general Catholic clergy, whom they accused of being [[hypocrites]], although the Catholic clergy included many pious members who practiced visibly obvious personal poverty and disciplines of ascetic self-denial and prayer according to the evangelical counsels of poverty, chastity and obedience, such as the communities of desert hermits (the beginnings of [[monasticism]]), and later the [[Saint Augustine#Legacy|Augustinian]]s founded 5th century, [[Rule of St. Benedict|Benedictine]]s, [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Camaldolese-Order Camaldolese], [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Carmelites Carmelites], [[Carthusian Order|Carthusians]], [https://medievalchurchhistory.blogspot.com/2012/09/lesson-17-cluny-910-and-monastic-reform.html the monastery at Cluny founded 909], [[Dominican]]s, [[Franciscan]]s, [[Knights Hospitaller|Hospitallers]]. So beginning in 1178, Rome sent Dominican [[monk]]s already practicing the same ascetic discipline, who tried with little success to convert the Cathars to Catholicism.

The populace for the most part listened to the preaching of the Dominicans with little enthusiasm. Many were undecided, and had not yet fully committed themselves to the doctrines of the Cathars. Some few who had been converted were persuaded to come back to the Church and renounce the doctrines and practices of the Cathars by the reasoning [[argument]]s of the Dominican friars and priests with their [[Rhetoric|ehetorical]] appeals to the scriptures and the visible example of the living witness of their own way of life and simple asceticism, but most of the Cathars had been persuaded against the Church by the [[specious reasoning]] and [[polemical]] arguments of the heretics.

The populace for the most part listened to the preaching of the Dominicans with little enthusiasm. Many were undecided, and had not yet fully committed themselves to the doctrines of the Cathars. Some few who had been converted were persuaded to come back to the Church and renounce the doctrines and practices of the Cathars by the reasoning [[argument]]s of the Dominican friars and priests with their [[Rhetoric|ehetorical]] appeals to the scriptures and the visible example of the living witness of their own way of life and simple asceticism, but most of the Cathars had been persuaded against the Church by the [[specious reasoning]] and [[polemical]] arguments of the heretics.