Changes

400 - 5th century

400 - 5th century

An early heretic of the 5th century, [[Eutyches of Constantinople]], at various times taught that the human nature of Christ was overcome by the divine, or that Christ had a human nature but it was unlike the rest of humanity. His developed doctrine is called [[Eutychianism]].  

An early heretic of the 5th century, [[Eutyches of Constantinople]], at various times taught that the human nature of Christ was overcome by the divine, or that Christ had a human nature but it was unlike the rest of humanity. His developed doctrine is called Eutychianism.  

One of the earliest Christian dualist sects, [[Marcionism]], originated in eastern [[Anatolia]]. In fundamental opposition to orthodox catholic Christianity they promulgated the doctrine that the God of the Old Testament was an evil [[Demiurge]] that enslaved the spirits of human beings in mind-darkening prisons of physical matter (human bodies), in opposition to the Good God of the spiritual realm of light who sent Jesus to reveal the truth of divine ''gnosis'' "knowledge"<ref>There are suggestions of the beginning of a doctrine of false ''gnosis'' in the New Testament. For example, in 1&nbsp;Timothy 6:20-21 "''contradictions of what is falsely called knowledge''", "avoiding profane ''and'' vain babblings, and oppositions of science falsely so called" KJV. See parallel passages at http://biblehub.com/1_timothy/6-20.htm.</ref>. The church Marcion himself established, appeared to die out around the 5th century, but currents of speculative gnostic and dualist thought continued in opposition to the doctrines of the Councils of [[Council of Nicaea|Nicaea 325]], [[Constantinople I|Constantinople 381]], [[Council of Ephesus|Ephesus 431]] and [[Council of Chalcedon|Chalcedon 451]].

One of the earliest Christian dualist sects, [[Marcionism]], originated in eastern [[Anatolia]]. In fundamental opposition to orthodox catholic Christianity they promulgated the doctrine that the God of the Old Testament was an evil [[Demiurge]] that enslaved the spirits of human beings in mind-darkening prisons of physical matter (human bodies), in opposition to the Good God of the spiritual realm of light who sent Jesus to reveal the truth of divine ''gnosis'' "knowledge"<ref>In the New Testament there are suggestions of the beginning of a doctrine of false ''gnosis''. For example, in 1&nbsp;Timothy 6:20-21 "''contradictions of what is falsely called knowledge''", "avoiding profane ''and'' vain babblings, and oppositions of science falsely so called" KJV. See parallel passages at '''http://biblehub.com/1_timothy/6-20.htm'''.</ref>. The church Marcion himself established, appeared to die out around the 5th century, but currents of speculative gnostic and dualist thought continued in opposition to the doctrines of the Councils of [[Council of Nicaea|Nicaea 325]], [[Constantinople I|Constantinople 381]], [[Council of Ephesus|Ephesus 431]] and [[Council of Chalcedon|Chalcedon 451]].

500 - 6th century

500 - 6th century

[[Zoroaster]]

[[Zoroaster]]

[[Kabbalah]]

[[Kabbalah]]