Changes

The ''Cène Secrete'' describes a “moderate dualism”: there is one good God and a fallen angel ([[Satan#Lucifer|Lucifer]]) who created the earth. This has also been called “Gnostic dualism” . It includes the dualism of the Bogomils and that of the moderate Cathars <ref>Van Schaik, pp. 89-90.</ref>.  

The ''Cène Secrete'' describes a “moderate dualism”: there is one good God and a fallen angel ([[Satan#Lucifer|Lucifer]]) who created the earth. This has also been called “Gnostic dualism” . It includes the dualism of the Bogomils and that of the moderate Cathars <ref>Van Schaik, pp. 89-90.</ref>.  

There are no problems with regard to the historical transmission of moderate dualism: Bogomil ideas were taken back to Europe by the returning [[The Crusades|crusaders]]. The ''Cène Secrete'' from about 1190 confirms this: the manuscript ends with a note: “this manuscript originates from Bulgaria” <ref>Bozóky, p. 87.</ref>.

There are no problems with regard to the historical transmission of moderate dualism: Bogomil ideas were taken back to Europe by the returning [[The Crusades|crusaders]]. The ''Cène Secrete'' from about 1190 confirms this: the manuscript ends with a note: “this manuscript originates from Bulgaria” <ref>Bozóky, p. 87.</ref>. The origin of the various moderate Cathar churches in Southern Europe has been traced back to the “church of Philadelphia in Romania”.<ref>Sanjek.</ref>

Radical Catharism

Radical Catharism

The Inquisitor and former Cathar, Reinerius Sacconi (d. 1262) traces the origin of the various moderate Cathar churches in Southern Europe back to the “church of Philadelphia in Romania” <ref>Sanjek.</ref>.

The Inquisitor and former Cathar, Reinerius Sacconi (d. 1262) traces the origin of the various moderate Cathar churches in Southern Europe back to the “church of Philadelphia in Romania” <ref>Sanjek.</ref>.

There are no problems with regard to the historical transmission of moderate dualism: The Inquisitor Anselmus Alessandria reports in 1266 that Bogomil ideas were taken back to Europe by the returning [[The Crusades|crusaders]] <ref>''Tractatus the hereticis''</ref>.

There are no problems with regard to the historical transmission of moderate dualism: The Inquisitor Anselmus Alessandria reports in 1266 that Bogomil ideas were taken back to Europe by the returning [[The Crusades|crusaders]].<ref>''Tractatus the hereticis''</ref>  

The possibility that Manichean ideas reached the Bogomils in the Balkans through the Islamic expansion has been dismissed by some scholars. According to the ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' <ref>de Blois, p. 510a.</ref> this is highly improbable as conversions to Islam only started in the Balkans about 1260, and the main Ottoman colonization was between 1300-1400.

The possibility that Manichean ideas reached the Bogomils in the Balkans through the Islamic expansion has been dismissed by some scholars. According to the ''Encyclopaedia of Islam'' <ref>de Blois, p. 510a.</ref> this is highly improbable as conversions to Islam only started in the Balkans about 1260, and the main Ottoman colonization was between 1300-1400.